BC Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Room K4-226, Ambulatory Care Building, 4480 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4.
Can Fam Physician. 2009 Dec;55(12):1199-201.
Because of the recent outbreak of pandemic H1N1 2009, I am anticipating a large number of children with influenza-like symptoms or children diagnosed with influenza. Is oseltamivir effective and safe when used for children?
Oseltamivir is effective for prevention of complications associated with influenza A (including H1N1) in children. Oseltamivir also reduces the duration of influenza by a median of 36 hours, with nausea and vomiting as the primary reported adverse effects. The World Health Organization recommends oseltamivir as first-line treatment for H1N1, with the use of zanamivir only for suspected or confirmed oseltamivir resistance. Recently, in preparation for the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic, Health Canada published an interim order permitting the expanded use of oseltamivir for treatment or prophylaxis for children younger than 1 year of age.
由于近期发生了 2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感大流行，我预计会有大量出现流感样症状的儿童或被诊断患有流感的儿童。奥司他韦对儿童使用是否有效且安全？
奥司他韦可有效预防与甲型流感（包括 H1N1 型）相关的并发症。奥司他韦还可使流感的中位病程缩短 36 小时，主要报告的不良反应为恶心和呕吐。世界卫生组织建议将奥司他韦作为 H1N1 的一线治疗药物，只有在怀疑或确认对奥司他韦耐药的情况下才使用扎那米韦。最近，为应对 2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感大流行，加拿大卫生部发布了一项临时命令，允许扩大奥司他韦的使用范围，用于治疗或预防 1 岁以下儿童的流感。
