Department of Recreation, Sport and Tourism, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Int J Behav Med. 2024 Oct;31(5):806-812. doi: 10.1007/s12529-023-10220-y. Epub 2023 Sep 12.
This study examines self-reported impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic among Chicago residents and disparities of these impacts across demographic characteristics. Six logistic regression models were developed to identify demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with each COVID-19 impact.
The study used de-identified and weighted data from the 2020 Healthy Chicago Survey (HCS). HCS is an annual survey using an address-based random sampling method administered by the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) across the city of Chicago on adults aged 18 or older living between July 17 and November 11, 2020, and received 4517 responses.
Chicago residents with lower socioeconomic status had a higher likelihood of food and housing insecurity. Non-Hispanic (NH) Black residents were more likely to report being unable to obtain food (OR: 2.996; 95% CI: 2.268-2.324); being unable to pay for rent, mortgage, or bills (OR: 2.352; 95% CI: 2.325-2.380); and grief from a loss of someone to COVID-19 (OR: 2.037; 95% CI: 2.013-2.061) compared to NH White residents. NH White residents were more likely than other racial/ethnic groups to report loss of social connections, worsened mental health, and canceling or postponing medical care.
The analysis showed higher odds of social contact loss and worsened mental health from COVID-19 in NH White and higher education populations. By implementing strategies to address specific challenges faced by different racial groups, Chicago may effectively mitigate pandemic's adverse effects. These strategies can promote a more inclusive approach to distributing COVID investments for programs and policies.
本研究调查了 COVID-19 大流行对芝加哥居民的自述影响，以及这些影响在人口统计学特征上的差异。我们开发了六个逻辑回归模型，以确定与 COVID-19 每种影响相关的人口统计学和社会经济因素。
本研究使用了 2020 年健康芝加哥调查（HCS）的匿名和加权数据。HCS 是一项年度调查，使用基于地址的随机抽样方法，由芝加哥公共卫生部（CDPH）在 2020 年 7 月 17 日至 11 月 11 日期间对居住在芝加哥市的 18 岁及以上成年人进行调查，共收到 4517 份回复。
社会经济地位较低的芝加哥居民更有可能面临食品和住房不安全问题。非西班牙裔（NH）黑人群体更有可能报告无法获得食物（OR：2.996；95%CI：2.268-2.324）；无法支付租金、抵押贷款或账单（OR：2.352；95%CI：2.325-2.380）；以及因 COVID-19 失去某人而感到悲痛（OR：2.037；95%CI：2.013-2.061），与 NH 白人群体相比。与其他种族/族裔群体相比，NH 白人群体更有可能报告社会联系丧失、心理健康恶化以及取消或推迟医疗护理。
分析显示，NH 白人和高教育人群因 COVID-19 更有可能失去社会联系和心理健康恶化。通过实施针对不同种族群体面临的具体挑战的策略，芝加哥可能会有效减轻大流行的不利影响。这些策略可以促进更具包容性的方法来分配 COVID 投资，用于计划和政策。
