Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie associé au CNRS, UMR 8076 (BioCIS), Centre d'Etudes Pharmaceutiques, Université Paris-Sud 11, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
Nat Prod Rep. 2010 Jan;27(1):32-56. doi: 10.1039/b911866g. Epub 2009 Nov 17.
This review describes a wide panel of alkaloids isolated from plants of the Nitraria genus, focusing on their biosynthesis and discussing the resulting biomimetic chemistry in relevant cases. The scope is purposely limited to alkaloids derived at least to some extent from L-lysine, considering that most of these molecules have unique structures and are specific to the genus. Some of the biosynthetic pathways described are taken from the literature, but others are proposed here for the first time. The latter are mostly hypotheses justified by the fact that they are based on metabolic routes frequently encountered for other Nitraria alkaloids, and thus permit unification of the biosynthesis around common pivotal biosynthetic intermediates. Myrioneuron alkaloids are also presented as a newly discovered class with striking similarities to Nitraria alkaloids.
本综述描述了从白刺属植物中分离得到的多种生物碱，重点讨论了它们的生物合成，并在相关情况下讨论了由此产生的仿生化学。本综述的范围仅限于至少在某种程度上来源于 L-赖氨酸的生物碱，因为这些分子中的大多数具有独特的结构，是该属所特有的。描述的一些生物合成途径来自文献，但其他途径是首次在这里提出的。后者主要是假设，理由是它们基于经常遇到的其他白刺属生物碱的代谢途径，因此允许围绕常见关键生物合成中间体对生物合成进行统一。我们还将 Myrioneuron 生物碱作为一个新发现的类别进行介绍，该类别与白刺属生物碱具有惊人的相似之处。
