McMaster University, DeGroote School of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2010 Jul;32(6):610-21. doi: 10.1080/13803390903401302. Epub 2009 Dec 21.
Due to the multidimensional nature of symptom complaints within the acquired brain injury (ABI) population, emotional and behavioral profiles obtained from using comprehensive validated measures often yield more relevant information than tools that assess for symptoms of a single diagnostic disorder. The current study used the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) to detect emotional and behavioral profiles in a sample of 440 adult ABI patients. Using a rigorous three-step cluster analytic approach, seven clusters were identified, indicating that half of the sample (50%) showed clinically significant affective and behavioral symptoms typified by multiple Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) Axis I and/or II features. Two of the subtypes showed severe and diverse affective symptoms but were distinguished from each other by antisocial features and substance use. Two other subtypes, with predominantly internalized presentations, were characterized by mainly depressive and somatic features, and the second by mild anxiety and cognitive disturbance. One group, predominantly externalized presentation, showed high substance use and antisocial features. The other part of the sample (50%) had no significant affective or behavioral complaints but were characterized by two profile types classified as essentially normal, but distinguishable by one having an increased tendency to minimize symptoms. Sex, age, marital status, education/preinjury, and vocation typified various subtypes. The identified profiles taken in the context of important demographic information can provide descriptive insight into the nature of postinjury affective and behavioral symptoms, facilitating more comprehensive conceptualization of the client's needs that can be addressed through more tailored interventions.
由于后天性脑损伤（ABI）人群的症状抱怨具有多维性质，因此使用全面验证的测量工具获得的情感和行为特征通常比评估单一诊断障碍症状的工具提供更相关的信息。本研究使用人格评估量表（PAI）在 440 名成人 ABI 患者样本中检测情感和行为特征。使用严格的三步聚类分析方法，确定了七个聚类，表明样本的一半（50%）表现出明显的情感和行为症状，其特点是多种诊断和统计手册（DSM）轴 I 和/或 II 特征。两种亚型表现出严重和多样的情感症状，但通过反社会特征和物质使用与彼此区分。另外两种亚型，以内化表现为主，主要表现为抑郁和躯体特征，第二种亚型表现为轻度焦虑和认知障碍。一个以外部化为主要表现的组，表现出高物质使用和反社会特征。样本的另一部分（50%）没有明显的情感或行为抱怨，但具有两种可归类为基本正常的特征类型，其中一种具有增加的最小化症状的倾向。性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育/受伤前和职业特点区分了各种亚型。在重要人口统计信息的背景下识别的特征可以深入了解受伤后情感和行为症状的性质，从而更全面地了解客户的需求，并通过更有针对性的干预措施来解决这些需求。
