Liver Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Hepatology. 2010 Jan;51(1):201-9. doi: 10.1002/hep.23279.
Although coffee consumption has been associated with reduced frequency of liver disease, it is unclear whether the effect is from coffee or caffeine and whether there is an effect on hepatic fibrosis specifically. This study was undertaken to use a food-frequency instrument for dietary caffeine consumption to evaluate the relationship between caffeine intake and liver fibrosis. Patients undergoing liver biopsy completed a detailed caffeine questionnaire on three occasions over a 6-month period. Caffeine intake was compared between patients with mild and advanced liver fibrosis (bridging fibrosis/cirrhosis). Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between caffeine consumption and hepatic fibrosis. One hundred seventy-seven patients (99 male, 104 white, 121 with chronic hepatitis C virus [HCV] infection) undergoing liver biopsy completed the caffeine questionnaire on up to three occasions. Results from repeated questionnaires were consistent. Daily caffeine consumption above the 75(th) percentile for the cohort (308 mg = approximately 2.25 cups of coffee equivalents) was associated with reduced liver fibrosis (odds ratio [OR], 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14-0.80; P = 0.015) and the protective association persisted after controlling for age, sex, race, liver disease, body mass index, and alcohol intake in all patients (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.09-0.67; P = 0.006), as well as the subset with HCV infection (OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05-0.66; P = 0.009). Despite a modest trend, consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee or of decaffeinated coffee was not associated with reduced liver fibrosis. A reliable tool for measurement of caffeine consumption demonstrated that caffeine consumption, particularly from regular coffee, above a threshold of approximately 2 coffee-cup equivalents per day, was associated with less severe hepatic fibrosis.
尽管咖啡的摄入与降低肝脏疾病的频率有关，但尚不清楚这种效果是来自咖啡还是咖啡因，以及它是否对肝纤维化有影响。本研究旨在使用食物频率仪器来评估咖啡因的摄入量与肝纤维化之间的关系，该仪器用于评估咖啡因的摄入量。接受肝活检的患者在 6 个月的时间内分三次完成了详细的咖啡因问卷。将轻度和晚期肝纤维化（桥接纤维化/肝硬化）患者的咖啡因摄入量进行了比较。采用 logistic 回归评估了咖啡因摄入量与肝纤维化之间的关联。177 名（99 名男性，104 名白人，121 名慢性丙型肝炎病毒 [HCV]感染者）接受肝活检的患者在多达三次的情况下完成了咖啡因问卷。重复问卷的结果是一致的。每日咖啡因摄入量超过队列的第 75 百分位数（308 毫克，相当于 2.25 杯咖啡当量）与肝纤维化程度降低相关（比值比 [OR]，0.33；95%置信区间 [CI]，0.14-0.80；P=0.015），并且在所有患者中（OR，0.25；95%CI，0.09-0.67；P=0.006），以及 HCV 感染患者亚组中（OR，0.19；95%CI，0.05-0.66；P=0.009），控制了年龄、性别、种族、肝病、体重指数和酒精摄入量后，这种保护关联仍然存在。尽管有适度的趋势，但来自咖啡以外的咖啡因来源或脱咖啡因咖啡的咖啡因消耗与肝纤维化程度降低无关。用于测量咖啡因消耗的可靠工具表明，咖啡因消耗，特别是每天摄入约 2 杯咖啡当量以上的常规咖啡，与肝纤维化程度较轻有关。
