Review of video-assisted thoracoscopy in children.

Open thoracotomy is the standard procedure for various thoracic diseases against which other procedures are compared. Currently Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) has gained widespread acceptance in the management of a variety of thoracic disorders. It decreases the morbidity and duration of hospital stay. A total of 133 children with various thoracic diseases who presented at a University Teaching Hospital in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, from June 2000 to December 2007, were included. Of the 133 patients,116 patients had empyema, all of whom were subjected to VATS, and an attempt at debridement/decortication and drainage was made. Other thoracic disorders treated included lung abscesses, lung biopsies, hydatid cysts, and so on. Patients with empyema were treated according to their stage of disease. Of the 116 patients who underwent thoracoscopy, 16 had to be converted to open surgery due to various reasons. The mean duration for removal of drain was three days and the average total duration of hospital stay was six days. Similarly the application of VATS was advantageous in other thoracic diseases.