School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2011 Mar-Apr;21(2):123-32. doi: 10.1038/jes.2009.68. Epub 2009 Dec 30.
Estimation of human exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is often desired for the epidemiological studies of cancer. One way to obtain information about indoor levels of PAHs is to measure these chemicals in house dust. In this study, we evaluated the predictive value of self-reported and geographic data for estimating measured levels of nine PAHs in house dust from 583 households in the Northern California Childhood Leukemia Study (NCCLS). Using multivariable linear regression models, we evaluated the effects on house-dust PAH concentrations from the following covariates: residential heating sources, smoking habits, house characteristics, and outdoor emission sources. House dust was collected from 2001 to 2007, using both high-volume surface samplers and household vacuum cleaners, and was analyzed for nine PAHs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. All nine PAHs were detected in more than 93% of dust samples, with median concentrations ranging from 14 to 94 ng/g dust. Statistically significant effects on PAH concentrations in house dust were found for gas heating, outdoor PAH concentrations, and residence age. Yet, the optimal regression model only explained 15% of the variation in PAH levels in house dust. As self-reported data and outdoor PAH sources were only marginally predictive of observed PAH levels, we recommend that PAH concentrations be measured directly in dust samples for use in epidemiological studies.
估算人体多环芳烃（PAHs）暴露量通常是癌症流行病学研究的需要。了解室内 PAHs 水平的一种方法是测量房屋灰尘中的这些化学物质。在这项研究中，我们评估了自我报告数据和地理数据对预测北加利福尼亚儿童白血病研究（NCCLS）中 583 户家庭房屋灰尘中 9 种 PAHs 测量水平的价值。使用多变量线性回归模型，我们评估了住宅供暖源、吸烟习惯、房屋特征和室外排放源对房屋灰尘中 PAH 浓度的影响。2001 年至 2007 年期间，使用大容量表面采样器和家用吸尘器收集房屋灰尘，并使用气相色谱-质谱法分析 9 种 PAHs。所有 9 种 PAHs 在超过 93%的灰尘样本中被检测到，其浓度中位数范围为 14 至 94ng/g 灰尘。在房屋灰尘中，气体加热、室外 PAH 浓度和居住年限对 PAH 浓度有统计学显著影响。然而，最佳回归模型仅解释了房屋灰尘中 PAH 水平变化的 15%。由于自我报告数据和室外 PAH 源对观察到的 PAH 水平仅有轻微的预测作用，因此我们建议在流行病学研究中直接测量灰尘样本中的 PAH 浓度。
