Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Mar;64(3):280-8. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.137. Epub 2010 Jan 6.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: As vitamin D deficiency is considered to be more common in regions with little solar ultraviolet (UV) light in winter, the aim of this study was to analyze predictors of vitamin D status by season within a large sample of male smokers from Finland, a country where there is negligible solar UV light in winter.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Vitamin D (measured by 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) nmol/l) and other serum constituents were assayed. Measured anthropometry, and self-reported dietary intake and physical activity (PA) were obtained and analyzed using stepwise multiple linear and logistic regression in 2271 middle-aged Finnish male smokers.
In all, 27% of the population in winter and 17% in summer had serum 25(OH)D levels of <25 nmol/l, respectively. In summer, in multiple logistic regression analyses with adjustment for confounding and other predictors, high vitamin D intake (odds ratios (OR) 3.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-8.5), some leisure time PA (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.3-3.1) and having a body mass index (BMI) of >or=21 kg/m(2) compared with <21 kg/m(2) (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.3-5.0), were associated with 25(OH)D >or=25 nmol/l. In winter, additional modifiable factors were occupational PA (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.1-2.5) and high fish (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.7-6.2) or poultry consumption (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.5). Predictors from linear regression analyses of continuous levels of 25(OH)D were similar to the logistic regression analyses of 25(OH)D >or=25 nmol/l.
In this Finnish sample more vitamin D intake, PA and having a BMI of >or=21 may have important modifiable roles in maintaining an adequate vitamin D status.
背景/目的：由于维生素 D 缺乏被认为在冬季阳光紫外线（UV）较少的地区更为常见，因此本研究旨在分析芬兰大量男性吸烟者中维生素 D 状态的季节预测因素，芬兰在冬季几乎没有太阳紫外线。
受试者/方法：测定了维生素 D（通过 25-羟基维生素 D（25（OH）D）nmol/L 测定）和其他血清成分。使用逐步多元线性和逻辑回归分析了 2271 名中年芬兰男性吸烟者的测量人体测量学、自我报告的饮食摄入和体力活动（PA）。
在冬季，人群中 27%，夏季 17%的血清 25（OH）D 水平<25nmol/L。在夏季，在调整混杂因素和其他预测因素的多元逻辑回归分析中，高维生素 D 摄入（比值比（OR）3.6；95%置信区间（CI）1.5-8.5）、一些休闲时间 PA（OR 2.0；95%CI 1.3-3.1）和 BMI 为>或=21kg/m（2）与<21kg/m（2）（OR 2.6；95%CI 1.3-5.0）相比，与 25（OH）D>或=25nmol/L 相关。在冬季，其他可改变的因素是职业 PA（OR 1.6；95%CI 1.1-2.5）和高鱼类（OR 3.1；95%CI 1.7-6.2）或家禽摄入（OR 1.7；95%CI 1.2-2.5）。25（OH）D 连续水平线性回归分析的预测因素与 25（OH）D>或=25nmol/L 的逻辑回归分析相似。
在这个芬兰样本中，更多的维生素 D 摄入、PA 和 BMI 为>或=21 可能在维持足够的维生素 D 状态方面具有重要的可改变作用。
