University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
J Aging Health. 2010 Mar;22(2):197-218. doi: 10.1177/0898264309355980. Epub 2010 Jan 7.
To examine the contextual effects of urban neighborhood characteristics on mortality among older adults.
Data are from the Study of Assets and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD). Death is assessed between the baseline assessment (1993) and the first follow-up interview (1995). Neighborhood data are from the 1990 Census.
The log odds of dying between the two time points are higher in high proportion Hispanic neighborhoods, net of individual-level sociodemographic variables, but this effect is partly mediated by individual-level health. The log odds of dying are significantly (p < .05) lower in affluent neighborhoods, controlling for all individual-level variables and neighborhood proportion Hispanic.
There are survival-related benefits of living in an affluent urban neighborhood, which we posit may be manifested through the diffusion of innovations in health care and health-promotion activities.
考察城市邻里特征对老年人死亡率的背景影响。
数据来自老年人资产与健康动态研究（AHEAD）。死亡评估在基线评估（1993 年）和第一次随访访谈（1995 年）之间进行。邻里数据来自 1990 年的人口普查。
在控制个体社会人口统计学变量后，西班牙裔比例较高的邻里中，在两个时间点之间死亡的对数几率更高，但这种影响部分是通过个体健康来中介的。在控制所有个体变量和邻里西班牙裔比例后，在富裕的邻里中，死亡的对数几率显著（p <.05）较低。
生活在富裕的城市邻里中有与生存相关的益处，我们推测这可能通过医疗保健和健康促进活动的创新传播来体现。
