重症监护病房护理工作量和人员配置：根据护理活动评分（NAS）的初步研究。
Nursing workload and staff allocation in an intensive care unit: a pilot study according to Nursing Activities Score (NAS).
机构信息
School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
出版信息
Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2010 Apr;26(2):108-13. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2009.12.002. Epub 2010 Jan 8.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the study were to identify the daily nursing workload in an intensive care unit (ICU) and to analyse the adequacy of nursing staff in a six hour shift according to the Nursing Activities Score (NAS).
METHOD
The sample consisted of 68 patients from a general 25-bed adult ICU in a private hospital with 250 beds in São Paulo, Brazil. The nursing workload of all patients admitted in the ICU over a one month period in 2004 were measured daily according to the NAS. For the analysis of nursing staff it was considered the number of nurses available in a six hour shift. Data were submitted to descriptive analyses.
RESULTS
Most patients were elderly and remained on average 12 (+/-16.4) days in the ICU. The mean NAS was 63.7 (+/-2.4%) and remained above 58.5% throughout the month. Apart from the 16th day of data collection there was an excess of nursing professionals in a six hour shift during the study period (range from 0.8 to 4.8 professionals).
CONCLUSIONS
The study results show the importance of nursing staff adequacy to workload fluctuations for reducing ICU costs.
目的
本研究旨在确定重症监护病房（ICU）的日常护理工作量，并根据护理活动评分（Nursing Activities Score，NAS）分析六小时轮班时护理人员的充足程度。
方法
该样本包括来自巴西圣保罗市一家拥有 250 张床位的 25 张成人 ICU 的 68 名患者。2004 年，对 ICU 内所有患者在一个月内的护理工作量进行了每日测量，根据 NAS 进行评估。在分析护理人员时，考虑了六小时轮班时可用护士的数量。数据进行了描述性分析。
结果
大多数患者为老年人，在 ICU 中平均停留 12（+/-16.4）天。平均 NAS 为 63.7（+/-2.4%），整个月都保持在 58.5%以上。除了数据收集的第 16 天之外，在研究期间的六小时轮班期间，护理人员的数量都超过了（范围为 0.8 至 4.8 名）。
结论
研究结果表明，为了降低 ICU 成本，护理人员的充足程度应适应工作量的波动。
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