Department of Psychology, E11 Seashore Hall, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1407, USA.
Psychol Bull. 2010 Jan;136(1):128-50. doi: 10.1037/a0018055.
There is a substantial literature relating the personality trait anxiety sensitivity (AS; tendency to fear anxiety-related sensations) and its lower order dimensions to the mood and anxiety (i.e., internalizing) disorders. However, particularly given the disorders' high comorbidity rates, it remains unclear whether AS is broadly related to these disorders or if it shows a pattern of differential relations. Meta-analyses of the concurrent relations of AS with the internalizing disorders were conducted based on 117 studies and 792 effect sizes. Mean Anxiety Sensitivity Index scores by diagnostic group and AS-symptom correlations both indicated that AS is most strongly related to panic, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). More specific analyses were also conducted on (a) AS correlations with symptom dimensions within individual disorders and (b) correlations between lower order AS components and symptoms. The meta-analytic correlation matrix for higher order AS-disorder relations was submitted to path analysis, modeling latent Distress disorders and Fear disorders that control for much of the shared variance among the disorders. Results of the path analysis indicated that AS is broadly related to these disorders but that agoraphobia, GAD, panic, and PTSD have the strongest associations. In addition, AS was more strongly related to the latent distress disorders than the fear disorders. Because of the contemporaneous assessment of AS and internalizing disorders in these studies, the results should not be taken to mean that AS has a stronger casual association with certain disorders. Implications for concurrent AS-internalizing relations, interpretations of the AS construct, and structural models of personality and psychopathology are discussed.
有大量文献将人格特质焦虑敏感（AS；对与焦虑相关的感觉的恐惧倾向）及其较低阶维度与情绪和焦虑（即内化）障碍联系起来。然而，特别是考虑到这些障碍的高共病率，目前尚不清楚 AS 是否与这些障碍广泛相关，或者它是否表现出不同的关系模式。基于 117 项研究和 792 个效应量，对 AS 与内化障碍的并发关系进行了元分析。按诊断组划分的平均焦虑敏感指数得分和 AS 症状相关性均表明，AS 与惊恐障碍、广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的相关性最强。还对（a）AS 与个体障碍中症状维度的相关性和（b）较低阶 AS 成分与症状之间的相关性进行了更具体的分析。高阶 AS-障碍关系的元分析相关矩阵被提交给路径分析，该分析对潜在的痛苦障碍和恐惧障碍进行建模，以控制障碍之间的大部分共同方差。路径分析的结果表明，AS 与这些障碍广泛相关，但广场恐怖症、GAD、惊恐障碍和 PTSD 具有最强的关联。此外，AS 与潜在的痛苦障碍的相关性强于恐惧障碍。由于这些研究中同时评估了 AS 和内化障碍，因此这些结果不应被视为 AS 与某些障碍具有更强的因果关系。讨论了 AS 与内化障碍的并发关系、AS 结构的解释以及人格和精神病理学的结构模型的含义。
