Solomon Z, Mikulincer M, Waysman M
Department of Mental Health, Medical Corps, Israel Defense Forces.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1991 Jan;26(1):8-13. doi: 10.1007/BF00783574.
The current study examined the role battle experiences and personal resources play in the development of combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). For this purpose, battle experiences (battle stress, military unit environment) and personal resources (coping styles, causal attribution) were assessed two years after the 1982 Lebanon War in three groups of male Israeli frontline soldiers: 1. soldiers who sought treatment 6 months or more after the war (delayed PTSD); 2. soldiers who sought treatment during the war (immediate PTSD); and 3. control soldiers. Findings indicated that both immediate and delayed PTSD casualties reported similar and higher levels of battle stress than control subjects. In addition, delayed PTSD casualties evinced less personal resources than control subjects, and immediate PTSD casualties evinced still less personal resources than delayed PTSD casualties. The theoretical implications of the findings were discussed.
本研究考察了战斗经历和个人资源在与战斗相关的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）发展过程中所起的作用。为此，在1982年黎巴嫩战争两年后，对三组以色列男性前线士兵评估了战斗经历（战斗压力、军事单位环境）和个人资源（应对方式、因果归因）：1. 战后6个月或更长时间寻求治疗的士兵（延迟性PTSD）；2. 战争期间寻求治疗的士兵（即时性PTSD）；3. 对照士兵。研究结果表明，即时性和延迟性PTSD伤员报告的战斗压力水平与对照对象相似且更高。此外，延迟性PTSD伤员表现出的个人资源比对照对象少，而即时性PTSD伤员表现出的个人资源比延迟性PTSD伤员更少。文中讨论了这些研究结果的理论意义。
