Plotnikoff Gregory A
Penny George Institute for Health and Healing, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, USA.
Minn Med. 2009 Nov;92(11):43-6.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's latest data show markedly high prevalence rates of severe vitamin D deficiency among Americans of all ages. Because of the numerous negative health consequences associated with vitamin D deficiency, we must consider all potential causes including insufficient exposure to the sun's ultraviolet B radiation. This article presents data from the National Weather Service that documents how few days in Minnesota offer the opportunity to make vitamin D. Thus, even Minnesotans who spend a significant amount of time outdoors and consider themselves to have sufficient sun exposure may still be at risk for vitamin D deficiency. This is especially true for the elderly, those with high melanin content in their skin, and those with a higher body mass index, all of whom require significantly more sun to achieve adequate levels of vitamin D. Given the lack of sufficient ultraviolet B radiation people in Minnesota get from the sun between October and April, measurement of vitamin D status is required for rational replenishment and maintenance dosing. The goal of replenishment should be at least 32 ng/mL and, ideally, more than 50 ng/mL.
美国疾病控制与预防中心的最新数据显示，所有年龄段的美国人中，严重维生素D缺乏的患病率都显著偏高。由于维生素D缺乏会带来诸多负面健康影响，我们必须考虑所有潜在原因，包括紫外线B辐射暴露不足。本文展示了美国国家气象局的数据，这些数据记录了明尼苏达州能提供制造维生素D机会的天数之少。因此，即使是那些花大量时间在户外且自认为有充足阳光照射的明尼苏达人，仍可能有维生素D缺乏的风险。对于老年人、皮肤黑色素含量高的人以及体重指数较高的人来说尤其如此，他们都需要显著更多的阳光才能达到足够的维生素D水平。鉴于明尼苏达州的人们在10月至次年4月期间从阳光中获得的紫外线B辐射不足，为了合理补充和维持剂量，需要对维生素D状态进行检测。补充的目标应该至少达到32纳克/毫升，理想情况下应超过50纳克/毫升。
