Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK.
Br J Educ Psychol. 2010 Jun;80(Pt 2):163-81. doi: 10.1348/014466509X468421. Epub 2010 Jan 12.
Young drivers are overrepresented in road traffic fatalities and collisions. Attempts to address this problem with pre-driver education have not met with unambiguous success. However, there is a lack of research on whether pre-driver education can change psychological antecedents to behaviour.
The framework of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was employed to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention used across the UK that aims to improve attitudes to road safety in pre-drivers.
SAMPLE(S): Secondary school students aged 15-16 years participated in the research, drawn from 12 schools in the UK. A total of 199 students took part in Expt 1 and 430 in Expt 2.
Expt 1 employed a within-participants design to measure any changes in road safety beliefs from pre- to post-intervention and 5-month follow-up. Expt 2 used a between-participants design to test whether any changes were genuine or due to experimenter effects.
Results of Expt 1 revealed a small, short-term improvement in some pre-driver beliefs immediately following the educational intervention, but no effect on other beliefs, and some evidence of unintended outcomes. The small, significant improvements found in Expt 1 were replicated in Expt 2, which is consistent with there being a genuine effect.
Considering evidence from both experiments suggests the effectiveness of road safety education interventions are at best short term, and limited to some but not all psychological factors, with some risk of unintended consequences.
年轻驾驶员在道路交通死亡和事故中所占比例过高。虽然通过驾驶前教育来解决这一问题的尝试尚未取得明确的成功，但目前缺乏关于驾驶前教育是否可以改变行为心理前因的研究。
本研究采用计划行为理论（TPB）的框架，评估在英国广泛使用的旨在改善准驾驶员道路安全态度的教育干预措施的效果。
15-16 岁的中学生参与了这项研究，他们来自英国的 12 所学校。共有 199 名学生参加了实验 1，430 名学生参加了实验 2。
实验 1 采用参与者内设计，以衡量从干预前到干预后和 5 个月随访期间道路安全信念的任何变化。实验 2 使用参与者间设计来检验任何变化是真实的还是由于实验者效应。
实验 1 的结果显示，在接受教育干预后，一些准驾驶员的信念立即出现了短暂的、短期的改善，但对其他信念没有影响，而且还出现了一些意外的结果。实验 1 中发现的微小、显著的改善结果在实验 2 中得到了复制，这与存在真实效果是一致的。
综合两项实验的证据表明，道路安全教育干预的效果最多只能持续短期，并且仅限于某些但不是所有的心理因素，而且存在意外后果的风险。
