Marahatta S B, Singh J, Shrestha R, Koju R
Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu University School of Medical Science, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2009 Apr-Jun;7(26):152-6. doi: 10.3126/kumj.v7i2.2711.
The objective of the present study is to evaluate the characteristics of acute poisoning cases admitted to emergency department over a one year period. The demographic, clinical and psycho-social aspects of the patients were analysed.
A hospital based study was carried out in the emergency department, Kathmandu University Teaching Hospital/ Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel analysing the data of the poisoning cases attended for one year. The study was carried out amongst inpatients attending emergency with acute poisoning.
A total of 54 patients were admitted to the emergency department with acute poisoning. The female-to-male ratio was 1.34:1. Most poisoning occurred in the age group of above 40 years. The mean ages of female and male were 29.87 + or - 14.85 years and 35.54 + or - 15.02 years respectively. By occupation 40.38% of the cases were farmers. Only 35.29% of the patients were illiterate. 79.24% of the cases intentionally consume the poison. Organ phosphorus poisoning (OP) was the most common poisoning. Oral route was the commonest route of poisoning accounting 98.1%. Sixty-six percentage (66.66%) of the cases had the poison stored in their home with 27.7% bought from the market once needed. Among the cases of acute poisoning 5.55% were fatal.
The following conclusions were reached: (1) females were at greater risk for poisoning than males, (2)self-poisoning cases constituted the majority of all poisonings, and (3) the main agents of self-poisoning were OP poisoning.
本研究的目的是评估在一年时间里急诊科收治的急性中毒病例的特征。对患者的人口统计学、临床和心理社会方面进行了分析。
在加德满都大学教学医院/杜利凯尔医院急诊科进行了一项基于医院的研究，分析了一年来中毒病例的数据。该研究在因急性中毒到急诊科就诊的住院患者中开展。
共有54例急性中毒患者被收治到急诊科。女性与男性的比例为1.34:1。大多数中毒发生在40岁以上年龄组。女性和男性的平均年龄分别为29.87±14.85岁和35.54±15.02岁。按职业划分，40.38%的病例为农民。只有35.29%的患者是文盲。79.24%的病例是故意服用毒药。有机磷中毒（OP）是最常见的中毒类型。经口途径是最常见的中毒途径，占98.1%。66.66%的病例家中储存有毒药，27.7%的病例是在需要时从市场购买的。在急性中毒病例中，5.55%是致命的。
得出以下结论：（1）女性比男性中毒风险更高；（2）自我中毒病例占所有中毒病例的大多数；（3）自我中毒的主要毒物是有机磷中毒。
