Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2010 May;38(4):545-56. doi: 10.1007/s10802-009-9384-3.
This study examined the Response Styles Theory in a large, racially and ethnically diverse sample (N = 722) of 6th, 7th, and 8th graders. We examined the role of response styles (rumination, distraction, and problem-solving) as predictors of changes in depressive symptoms over a seven-month period. Higher levels of rumination and lower levels of problem-solving and distraction were associated with increases in depressive symptoms over time. Response style ratio scores (rumination scores divided by the sum of distraction and problem-solving scores) also predicted increases in depressive symptoms over time. Girls reported greater depressive symptoms compared to boys, and both rumination and response style ratio score statistically accounted for the gender difference in depressive symptoms. Clinical implications include the importance of problem-solving training and rumination reduction techniques in preventive interventions.
本研究在一个由 6、7 和 8 年级的学生组成的、具有广泛种族和民族多样性的大型样本（N=722）中检验了反应风格理论。我们考察了反应风格（反刍、分心和解决问题）作为七个月期间抑郁症状变化的预测因子的作用。随着时间的推移，反刍水平较高，解决问题和分心水平较低与抑郁症状的增加有关。反应风格比率分数（反刍分数除以分心和解决问题分数的总和）也预测了抑郁症状随时间的增加。与男孩相比，女孩报告的抑郁症状更严重，反刍和反应风格比率分数都在统计学上解释了抑郁症状的性别差异。临床意义包括在预防干预中解决问题的训练和减少反刍的重要性。
