Department of Management, Warrington College of Business, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
J Appl Psychol. 2010 Jan;95(1):92-107. doi: 10.1037/a0017594.
The present study linked general mental ability (GMA) to extrinsic career success using a multilevel framework that included time and 3 possible time-based mediators of the GMA-career success relationship. Results, based on a large national sample, revealed that over a 28-year period, GMA affected growth in 2 indicators of extrinsic career success (income and occupational prestige), such that the careers of high-GMA individuals ascended more steeply over time than those of low-GMA individuals. Part of the reason high-GMA individuals had steeper growth in extrinsic success over time was because they attained more education, completed more job training, and gravitated toward more complex jobs. GMA also moderated the degree to which within-individual variation in the mediating variables affected within-individual variation in extrinsic career success over time: Education, training, and job complexity were much more likely to translate into career success for more intelligent individuals.
本研究采用多层次框架，将一般心智能力（GMA）与外在职业成功联系起来，该框架包括时间和 GMA 与职业成功关系的 3 个可能的基于时间的中介因素。基于一个大型全国样本的研究结果表明，在 28 年的时间里，GMA 影响了外在职业成功的 2 个指标（收入和职业声望）的增长，因此，高 GMA 个体的职业发展随着时间的推移上升得更为陡峭，而低 GMA 个体则不然。高 GMA 个体随着时间的推移在外部成功方面的增长更为陡峭的部分原因是，他们接受了更多的教育，完成了更多的工作培训，并倾向于更复杂的工作。GMA 还调节了中介变量的个体内变异对个体内在外在职业成功随时间变化的影响程度：对于更聪明的个体来说，教育、培训和工作复杂性更有可能转化为职业成功。
