College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Chemosphere. 2010 Mar;79(1):86-92. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.051. Epub 2010 Jan 20.
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), an important enzyme present in brain, serum and nervous system, is sensitive to neurotoxin. Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) may enter the mammalian body and be toxic. To investigate the potential neurotoxicity of different NPs and the interaction between NPs and BChE, three metal NPs (Cu-C, Cu and Al), three oxides NPs (SiO(2), TiO(2) and Al(2)O(3)), two carbon nanotubes (MWCNT and SWCNT) and two micro-scaled particles (Cu and activated carbon) were used to test their adsorption and inhibition on human serum BChE. At 800mgL(-1), adsorption and inhibition of BChE by MWCNT were the highest, 97% and 96%, respectively, while Al NPs showed the lowest adsorption (6.8%) and inhibition rates (3.3%). Ions could be dissolved in all metal and oxide NPs suspensions except TiO(2) NPs. In comparison to other ions, Cu(2+) released in Cu and Cu-C suspensions had the highest BChE activity reduction, 39.1% and 42.6%, respectively. The contribution of dissolved ions to the total inhibition by NPs suspension followed a decreasing sequence of Al (66%)>Cu (46%)>Cu-C (45%)>Al(2)O(3) (44%)>SS1[SiO(2)] (25%)>SP1[SiO(2)] (4%), suggesting that the inhibition of BChE may partly result from ion dissolution from NPs. The inhibition of BChE by micro-scaled activated carbon and Cu particles was significantly lower than that of their nano-scaled particles. The inhibition of BChE by MWCNT, SWCNT, TiO(2) (HR3) and Cu NPs showed concentration-response relationships. Their median inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) were 97, 49, 206 and 1.54mgL(-1), respectively. These results indicate that these four NPs may have neurotoxicity and BChE may be potentially used as a biomarker of NPs in the environment.
丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）是一种存在于大脑、血清和神经系统中的重要酶，对神经毒素敏感。 工程纳米粒子（NPs）可能进入哺乳动物体内并具有毒性。 为了研究不同 NPs 的潜在神经毒性以及 NPs 和 BChE 之间的相互作用，使用三种金属 NPs（Cu-C、Cu 和 Al）、三种氧化物 NPs（SiO2、TiO2 和 Al2O3）、两种碳纳米管（MWCNT 和 SWCNT）和两种微尺度颗粒（Cu 和活性炭）来测试它们对人血清 BChE 的吸附和抑制作用。 在 800mgL(-1)时，MWCNT 对 BChE 的吸附和抑制作用最高，分别为 97%和 96%，而 Al NPs 的吸附率（6.8%）和抑制率（3.3%）最低。 除了 TiO2 NPs 之外，所有金属和氧化物 NPs 悬浮液中的离子都可以溶解。 与其他离子相比，Cu 和 Cu-C 悬浮液中释放的 Cu(2+)对 BChE 活性的降低作用最大，分别为 39.1%和 42.6%。 溶解离子对 NPs 悬浮液总抑制作用的贡献顺序为 Al（66%）>Cu（46%）>Cu-C（45%）>Al2O3（44%）>SS1[SiO2]（25%）>SP1[SiO2]（4%），这表明 BChE 的抑制可能部分是由于 NPs 中离子的溶解。 与纳米级颗粒相比，微尺度活性炭和 Cu 颗粒对 BChE 的抑制作用明显较低。 MWCNT、SWCNT、TiO2（HR3）和 Cu NPs 对 BChE 的抑制作用呈浓度-反应关系。 它们的半数抑制浓度（IC50）分别为 97、49、206 和 1.54mgL(-1)。 这些结果表明，这四种 NPs 可能具有神经毒性，BChE 可能被用作环境中 NPs 的潜在生物标志物。
