Herlitz A, Adolfsson R, Bäckman L, Nilsson L G
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Brain Cogn. 1991 Jan;15(1):119-30. doi: 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90020-9.
The ability of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) to utilize semantic category cues in order to improve memory performance was examined. Categorizable lists of words or objects were presented under five different encoding conditions: (a) nouns, (b) objects, (c) objects with a semantic orienting question, (d) objects with self-generated motoric acts, and (e) objects with experimenter-instructed motoric acts. Subjects were asked to memorize the items for a free recall test, and were subsequently provided with the category names in a cued recall test. Mildly, moderately, and severely demented AD patients, and a group of normal older adults participated in the study. Results showed that normal older adults and mildly demented AD subjects were able to utilize cues to improve memory performance in all conditions. Moderately demented patients utilized cues in all conditions except in the verbal condition (condition [a]), whereas severely demented patients utilized cues only in the motoric condition (condition [e]). These results suggest that the ability to utilize category cues following a motoric encoding is preserved later in AD than the ability to utilize cues after a semantic encoding.
研究了阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者利用语义类别线索来提高记忆表现的能力。在五种不同的编码条件下呈现可分类的单词或物体列表：（a）名词，（b）物体，（c）带有语义定向问题的物体，（d）带有自我产生的运动行为的物体，以及（e）带有实验者指导的运动行为的物体。要求受试者记住这些项目以进行自由回忆测试，随后在线索回忆测试中为他们提供类别名称。轻度、中度和重度痴呆的AD患者以及一组正常老年人参与了该研究。结果表明，正常老年人和轻度痴呆的AD受试者在所有条件下都能够利用线索来提高记忆表现。中度痴呆患者在除言语条件（条件[a]）之外的所有条件下都能利用线索，而重度痴呆患者仅在运动条件（条件[e]）下能利用线索。这些结果表明，在AD中，运动编码后利用类别线索的能力比语义编码后利用线索的能力保留得更晚。
