CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Department of Medical Psychology, Tilburg University, The Netherlands.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2010 Jan 23;8:9. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-8-9.
The objective was to review all available literature concerning Type D (distressed) personality among the general population and to discuss its implications for research on health status, disease-promoting mechanisms and work-related problems in non-clinical populations.
A computerized search of the literature was performed independently and in duplicate by both investigators on December 21st, 2009. Published research reports were included if they studied Type D personality among the general population. Nineteen articles were selected and they were subjected to an 11-item standardised quality checklist by both investigators.
The methodological quality of the selected studies was adequate to high. The studies included in this review showed that the presence of Type D characteristics had a negative impact on mental health status (more symptoms of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, mental distress, passive coping, and less social support) and physical health status (more somatic complaints, lower health status, more influenza-like illness reporting). Other studies reported on behavioral and biological mechanisms of disease in apparently healthy individuals with a Type D personality. Finally, some studies also showed a negative effect of Type D personality on work-related problems (higher absence-leave, higher levels of vital exhaustion and burnout, and more work-related stress).
Type D personality is a vulnerability factor for general psychological distress that affects mental and physical health status and is associated with disease-promoting mechanisms and work-related problems in apparently healthy individuals.
本研究旨在回顾一般人群中 D 型（苦恼型）人格的所有相关文献，并讨论其对非临床人群健康状况、促病机制和与工作相关问题研究的意义。
2009 年 12 月 21 日，两名研究者独立并重复地进行了计算机检索。如果研究报告在一般人群中研究 D 型人格，则将其纳入。选择了 19 篇文章，并由两名研究者对其进行了 11 项标准化质量检查表的评估。
入选研究的方法学质量足够高。本综述中包含的研究表明，D 型特征的存在对心理健康状况（更多的抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍、精神困扰、消极应对以及较少的社会支持）和身体健康状况（更多的躯体症状、更低的健康状况、更多的流感样疾病报告）有负面影响。其他研究报告了在具有 D 型人格的看似健康个体中疾病的行为和生物学机制。最后，一些研究还表明 D 型人格对与工作相关的问题有负面影响（更高的缺勤率、更高的活力耗竭和倦怠水平以及更多的与工作相关的压力）。
D 型人格是一般心理困扰的脆弱性因素，影响心理健康和身体健康状况，并与看似健康个体中的促病机制和与工作相关的问题相关。
