Department of Chemistry, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL 61455, USA; Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
Chemosphere. 2010 Mar;79(1):113-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.056. Epub 2010 Jan 27.
Nanomaterials have been emerging as a new group of contaminants in the environment. We reported the use of a bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames assay) to evaluate the mutagenicity of five metal oxide nanoparticles Al(2)O(3), Co(3)O(4), CuO, TiO(2), and ZnO in this study. Results showed the mutagenicity was negative for four nanoparticles (Al(2)O(3), Co(3)O(4), TiO(2), and ZnO) up to 1000mug/plate to all three tested strains without S9 metabolic activation. Using a preincubation procedure and high S9 (9%) activation, TiO(2) and ZnO induced marginal mutagenesis to strain Escherichia coli WP2 trp uvrA. CuO displayed low mutagenic potential to Salmonella typhimurium TA97a and TA100 at specific concentrations. However, the colony inhibition effect of CuO was predominant to the strain E. coli WP2 trp uvrA. A dose-dependent inhibition of Escherichia coli WP2 colony was found under CuO exposure at concentration range of 100-1600mug/plate. No growth inhibition of tested bacterial strains by Al(2)O(3), Co(3)O(4), and ZnO was observed at the concentrations used.
纳米材料已成为环境中一类新的污染物。本研究采用细菌回复突变试验（Ames 试验）评价了 5 种金属氧化物纳米粒子 Al2O3、Co3O4、CuO、TiO2 和 ZnO 的致突变性。结果表明，在不加 S9 代谢活化的情况下，4 种纳米粒子（Al2O3、Co3O4、TiO2 和 ZnO）在 1000μg/皿的浓度范围内对 3 株受试菌株均无致突变性。采用预孵育程序和高 S9（9%）激活，TiO2 和 ZnO 对菌株 Escherichia coli WP2 trp uvrA 有轻微致突变作用。在特定浓度下，CuO 对沙门氏菌 typhimurium TA97a 和 TA100 显示出低致突变潜力。然而，CuO 对菌株 E. coli WP2 trp uvrA 的菌落抑制作用占主导地位。在 CuO 暴露浓度范围为 100-1600μg/皿时，发现 Escherichia coli WP2 菌落呈剂量依赖性抑制。在所使用的浓度下，未观察到 Al2O3、Co3O4 和 ZnO 对受试细菌菌株的生长抑制。
