我们如何与青少年及其父母就疫苗进行沟通？
How can we communicate about vaccines with adolescents and their parents?
作者信息
Benin Andrea L, Wu Ann C, Holmboe Eric S, Shapiro Eugene D, Anyan Walter
机构信息
Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
出版信息
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2010 Apr;49(4):373-80. doi: 10.1177/0009922809351091. Epub 2010 Jan 28.
OBJECTIVE
To describe parents' and adolescents' perceptions about vaccination.
METHODS
Qualitative interviews of 22 mothers/grandmothers and 25 10- to 14-year-olds.
RESULTS
Themes emerged in 3 focus areas. (a) Understanding: Both adults and adolescents had difficulty understanding concepts of risks, benefits, prevention, and vaccination. (b) Decision making: Adults saw vaccination as an opportunity to help their adolescent develop skills for transition to adulthood. Adolescents worried about being lied to (reinforced by being told "it won't hurt"), physical pain, and cleanliness. ( c) Preventing sexually transmitted infections: Adults were divided between those who felt their child would not need such a vaccine and those who wanted to "be safe" to protect their child in the future.
CONCLUSIONS
At the same time that even basic concepts about vaccination should be explained to both adults and adolescents, adolescence represents a time for learning about responsible decision making. Discussion regarding the risks and benefits of vaccines can be part of transitioning to adult decision making.
目的
描述家长和青少年对疫苗接种的看法。
方法
对22位母亲/祖母以及25名10至14岁青少年进行定性访谈。
结果
在3个重点领域出现了一些主题。（a）理解：成年人和青少年在理解风险、益处、预防和疫苗接种的概念方面都有困难。（b）决策：成年人将疫苗接种视为帮助青少年培养向成年过渡技能的机会。青少年担心被欺骗（因被告知“不会疼”而强化）、身体疼痛和卫生问题。（c）预防性传播感染：成年人中，一部分人认为自己的孩子不需要这种疫苗，另一部分人则希望“以防万一”，为孩子未来提供保护。
结论
在向成年人和青少年解释疫苗接种基本概念的同时，青春期也是学习做出负责任决策的时期。关于疫苗风险和益处的讨论可以成为向成人决策过渡的一部分。
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