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[Urinary and blood markers of internal mercury dose in workers from a chlorakali plant and in subjects not occupationally exposed: relation to dental amalgam and fish consumption].[氯碱厂工人及非职业暴露人群体内汞剂量的尿液和血液标志物：与牙科汞合金及鱼类消费的关系]
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The validity of spot urine samples for low-level occupational mercury exposure assessment and relationship to porphyrin and creatinine excretion rates.即时尿样用于低水平职业性汞暴露评估的有效性及其与卟啉和肌酐排泄率的关系。
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本文引用的文献

1
Neuropsychological and renal effects of dental amalgam in children: a randomized clinical trial.儿童牙科汞合金的神经心理学和肾脏影响：一项随机临床试验。
JAMA. 2006 Apr 19;295(15):1775-83. doi: 10.1001/jama.295.15.1775.
2
The Children's Amalgam Trial: design and methods.儿童汞合金试验：设计与方法
Control Clin Trials. 2003 Dec;24(6):795-814. doi: 10.1016/s0197-2456(03)00105-3.
3
The three modern faces of mercury.汞的三张现代面孔。
Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Feb;110 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):11-23. doi: 10.1289/ehp.02110s111.
4
Circadian rhythms of seven heavy metals in plasma, erythrocytes and urine in men: observation in metal workers.男性血浆、红细胞和尿液中七种重金属的昼夜节律：金属工人的观察
Ind Health. 2000 Apr;38(2):205-12. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.38.205.
5
Adjustment of creatinine-adjusted values in urine to urinary flow rate: a study of eleven heavy metals and organic substances.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1995;68(1):64-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01831635.
6
The validity of spot urine samples for low-level occupational mercury exposure assessment and relationship to porphyrin and creatinine excretion rates.即时尿样用于低水平职业性汞暴露评估的有效性及其与卟啉和肌酐排泄率的关系。
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Apr;277(1):239-44.
7
Interpretation of urine results used to assess chemical exposure with emphasis on creatinine adjustments: a review.用于评估化学物质暴露的尿液检测结果解读，重点在于肌酐校正：综述
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1993 Oct;54(10):615-27. doi: 10.1080/15298669391355134.
8
Automated determination of inorganic mercury in blood after sulfuric acid treatment using cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry and an inductively heated gold trap.
Analyst. 1995 Apr;120(4):1205-9. doi: 10.1039/an9952001205.
9
Adjustment of urinary concentration to urinary volume in relation to erythrocyte and plasma concentrations: an evaluation of urinary heavy metals and organic substances.尿中红细胞和血浆浓度与尿量的尿浓缩调节：尿重金属和有机物质的评估
Arch Environ Health. 1986 May-Jun;41(3):171-7. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1986.9935773.
10
Effects of water restriction and water loading on daily urinary excretion of heavy metals and organic substances in metal workers.限水和水负荷对金属工人每日尿中重金属和有机物质排泄的影响。
Br J Ind Med. 1989 Jun;46(6):389-92. doi: 10.1136/oem.46.6.389.

尿流率对儿童体内汞排泄的影响。

The influence of urinary flow rate on mercury excretion in children.

机构信息

New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA 02472, USA.

出版信息

J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2010 Jan;24(1):31-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2009.06.003. Epub 2009 Aug 5.

DOI:10.1016/j.jtemb.2009.06.003
PMID:20122577
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2818046/
Abstract

PROJECT

There is limited literature concerning the effect of urinary flow rate on mercury excretion at low-level exposure. The aim of the present study is to examine the influence of urinary flow rate on mercury excretion in children. Also of interest is the influence of flow rate on creatinine excretion and creatinine-corrected mercury, which arisearises with spot urine samples.

PROCEDURE

A substudy of the New England Children's Amalgam Trial collected pairs of urine samples from children aged 10-16 years: a timed overnight collection and a spot daytime sample collected the following day. These samples were analyzed for mercury and creatinine concentration. Regression analysis was used to model the effect of urinary flow rate in the timed overnight samples. A paired t-test compared concentrations and creatinine-corrected mercury between overnight and daytime samples.

RESULTS

Creatinine excretion rate (mg/h) increased significantly with urinary flow rate (mL/h), whereas creatinine concentration (g/L) decreased with flow rate. We found a non-significant increase in mercury excretion rate (ng/h) with flow rate, and mercury concentration decreased with flow rate. Mercury and creatinine concentrations were significantly higher in the overnight compared to daytime samples. For creatinine-corrected mercury, no significant impact of urinary flow rate was found.

CONCLUSIONS

Although the creatinine excretion rate, and probably the mercury excretion rate, increased with urinary flow rate, the mercury/creatinine ratio seemed relatively unaffected by urinary flow rate.

摘要

项目

关于低水平暴露下尿流率对汞排泄影响的文献有限。本研究旨在探讨尿流率对儿童汞排泄的影响。同样有趣的是，尿流率对肌酐排泄和肌酐校正后的汞的影响，这在随机尿样中出现。

程序

新英格兰儿童汞合金试验的一项子研究从 10-16 岁的儿童中收集了一对尿液样本：一个定时的夜间采集和第二天白天的一个随机样本。这些样本用于分析汞和肌酐浓度。回归分析用于模拟定时夜间样本中尿流率的影响。配对 t 检验比较了夜间和白天样本的浓度和肌酐校正后的汞。

结果

肌酐排泄率（mg/h）随尿流率（mL/h）显著增加，而肌酐浓度（g/L）随尿流率降低。我们发现，尿流率与汞排泄率呈非显著增加趋势，而汞浓度随尿流率降低。与白天样本相比，夜间样本中的汞和肌酐浓度显著升高。对于肌酐校正后的汞，尿流率没有显著影响。

结论

尽管肌酐排泄率，可能还有汞排泄率随尿流率增加，但汞/肌酐比值似乎不受尿流率的影响。