Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Arteveldehogeschool and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2010 Aug;52(8):e174-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03606.x. Epub 2010 Jan 28.
The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of motor problems in a clinically referred sample of children with, or at risk of, autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and/or developmental coordination disorder (DCD).
Participants were 49 children (39 males, 10 females; mean age 5y 6 mo, SD 10 mo) with various developmental problems, a Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC) score on or below the 15th centile, and an IQ of 70 or more. Sixteen children were at risk of developing ADHD, 15 children had a diagnosis of, or were at risk of developing ASD, and 18 children had neither diagnosis. Children were reassessed 2 to 3 years later.
At follow-up (mean age 7y 11 mo; SD 1y), the mean M-ABC score was significantly increased, and in 22 children was no longer below the 15th centile. A general linear model to compare the difference in M-ABC scores in the three groups of children demonstrated a significant difference between groups (p=0.013), with the age at the initial assessment as a significant covariate (p=0.052). The group of children with or at risk of ASD showed less improvement in motor performance.
Motor problems among preschool age children are not always stable, but appear to be so in most children with ASDs.
本研究旨在调查患有或有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和/或发育性协调障碍（DCD）风险的临床转诊儿童样本中运动问题的稳定性。
参与者为 49 名儿童（39 名男性，10 名女性；平均年龄 5 岁 6 个月，标准差 10 个月），存在各种发育问题，儿童运动评估测验（M-ABC）得分低于第 15 百分位，智商为 70 或以上。16 名儿童有发展为 ADHD 的风险，15 名儿童有 ASD 的诊断或有发展为 ASD 的风险，18 名儿童无上述两种诊断。儿童在 2 至 3 年后进行重新评估。
在随访时（平均年龄 7 岁 11 个月；标准差 1 年），M-ABC 得分明显提高，22 名儿童的得分不再低于第 15 百分位。对三组儿童的 M-ABC 得分差异进行的一般线性模型比较显示，组间差异具有统计学意义（p=0.013），以初始评估时的年龄为显著协变量（p=0.052）。有 ASD 或有风险的儿童组的运动表现改善较少。
学龄前儿童的运动问题并不总是稳定的，但在大多数患有 ASD 的儿童中似乎是稳定的。
