School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, United Kingdom.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Feb;82(2):176-84. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0373.
Larviciding to control malaria was assessed in rural areas with extensive seasonal flooding. Larval and adult mosquitoes and malaria incidence were surveyed routinely in four 100-km(2) areas either side of the Gambia River. Baseline data were collected in 2005. Microbial larvicide was applied to all water bodies by hand application with water-dispersible granular formulations and corn granules weekly from May to November in two areas in 2006 and in the other two areas in 2007 in a cross-over design. The intervention was associated with a reduction in habitats with late stage anopheline larvae and an 88% reduction in larval densities (P < 0.001). The effect of the intervention on mosquito densities was not pronounced and was confounded by the distance of villages to the major breeding sites and year (P = 0.002). There was no reduction in clinical malaria or anemia. Ground applications of non-residual larvicides with simple equipment are not effective in riverine areas with extensive flooding, where many habitats are poorly demarcated, highly mobile, and inaccessible on foot.
在疟疾流行广泛且季节性洪水泛滥的农村地区，开展了以灭蚊幼虫来控制疟疾的效果评估。在冈比亚河两岸四个各 100 平方公里的区域内，定期调查蚊虫幼虫和成虫及疟疾发病率。基线数据于 2005 年收集。2006 年，在两个区域以交叉设计，全年 5 月至 11 月每周使用可湿性颗粒剂和玉米颗粒剂对手头所有水体进行微生物灭蚊幼虫处理，2007 年在另外两个区域进行处理。干预措施与晚期按蚊幼虫生境减少和幼虫密度降低 88%（P<0.001）有关。该干预措施对蚊虫密度的影响并不明显，而且受到村庄与主要滋生地的距离和年份的影响（P=0.002）。临床疟疾或贫血的发生率并未降低。在洪水泛滥广泛、生境难以界定、高度流动且无法步行进入的河流地区，使用简单设备进行非持效性的地面喷洒灭蚊幼虫处理并不有效。
