Immunology Division, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Apr;48(4):1092-100. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.01.031. Epub 2010 Feb 4.
Until now, very little has been known about the antioxidant capacity of squalene and its effect on human breast tumourigenesis. In the present work, we investigated squalene's scavenging properties and its effect on cell proliferation, cell cycle profile, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and oxidative DNA damage, using human breast cell lines. Our results showed that squalene neither possesses scavenging activity nor significantly alters cell proliferation rates, the cell cycle profile or cell apoptosis in human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A), minimally invasive (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells, and highly invasive (MCF7) breast cancer cells. However, we found that squalene did exert the following effects on MCF10A epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner: (a) it decreased intracellular ROS level, (b) it prevented H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative injury, and (c) it protected against oxidative DNA damage. Interestingly, squalene did not exert these effects on MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. Therefore, our data suggest that squalene, found in high amounts in virgin olive oils, could be partially responsible for the lower incidence of breast cancer in populations that consume the Mediterranean diet due to its protective activity against oxidative DNA damage in normal mammary cells.
迄今为止，人们对角鲨烯的抗氧化能力及其对人类乳腺癌发生的影响知之甚少。在本研究中，我们使用人乳腺细胞系研究了角鲨烯的清除特性及其对细胞增殖、细胞周期谱、细胞凋亡、活性氧 (ROS) 水平和氧化 DNA 损伤的影响。结果表明，角鲨烯既没有清除活性，也不会显著改变人乳腺上皮细胞 (MCF10A)、低侵袭性 (MDA-MB-231) 乳腺癌细胞和高侵袭性 (MCF7) 乳腺癌细胞的增殖率、细胞周期谱或细胞凋亡。然而，我们发现角鲨烯以剂量依赖的方式对 MCF10A 上皮细胞产生以下影响：(a) 降低细胞内 ROS 水平，(b) 预防 H2O2 诱导的氧化损伤，(c) 防止氧化 DNA 损伤。有趣的是，角鲨烯对 MCF7 和 MDA-MB-231 癌细胞没有发挥这些作用。因此，我们的数据表明，橄榄油中大量存在的角鲨烯可能由于其对正常乳腺细胞氧化 DNA 损伤的保护作用，部分解释了地中海饮食人群乳腺癌发病率较低的原因。
