Immunology Division, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Nutrients. 2011 Oct;3(10):839-57. doi: 10.3390/nu3100839. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
Over recent years, several studies have related olive oil ingestion to a low incidence of several diseases, including breast cancer. Hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol are two of the major phenols present in virgin olive oils. Despite the fact that they have been linked to cancer prevention, there is no evidence that clarifies their effect in human breast tumor and non-tumor cells. In the present work, we present hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol's effects in human breast cell lines. Our results show that hydroxytyrosol acts as a more efficient free radical scavenger than tyrosol, but both fail to affect cell proliferation rates, cell cycle profile or cell apoptosis in human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) or breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7). We found that hydroxytyrosol decreases the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in MCF10A cells but not in MCF7 or MDA-MB-231 cells while very high amounts of tyrosol is needed to decrease the ROS level in MCF10A cells. Interestingly, hydroxytyrosol prevents oxidative DNA damage in the three breast cell lines. Therefore, our data suggest that simple phenol hydroxytyrosol could contribute to a lower incidence of breast cancer in populations that consume virgin olive oil due to its antioxidant activity and its protection against oxidative DNA damage in mammary cells.
近年来，多项研究表明橄榄油的摄入与多种疾病（包括乳腺癌）的低发病率有关。羟基酪醇和酪醇是特级初榨橄榄油中存在的两种主要酚类物质。尽管它们与癌症预防有关，但没有证据表明它们对人类乳腺肿瘤和非肿瘤细胞有影响。在本研究中，我们研究了羟基酪醇和酪醇对人类乳腺细胞系的影响。我们的结果表明，羟基酪醇作为一种更有效的自由基清除剂，其作用强于酪醇，但两者均不能影响人乳腺上皮细胞（MCF10A）或乳腺癌细胞（MDA-MB-231 和 MCF7）的增殖率、细胞周期特征或细胞凋亡。我们发现，羟基酪醇可降低 MCF10A 细胞中的细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平，但不能降低 MCF7 或 MDA-MB-231 细胞中的 ROS 水平，而要降低 MCF10A 细胞中的 ROS 水平则需要非常高剂量的酪醇。有趣的是，羟基酪醇可防止三种乳腺细胞系中的氧化 DNA 损伤。因此，我们的数据表明，由于其抗氧化活性及其对乳腺细胞中氧化 DNA 损伤的保护作用，简单的酚类羟基酪醇可能有助于降低食用特级初榨橄榄油人群的乳腺癌发病率。
