Fica C Alberto, Jemenao P M Irene, Ruiz R Gloria, Larrondo L Milton, Hurtado H Carmen, Muñoz G Gabriela, Sepulveda C Cecilia
Comité de Infecciones Intrahospitalarias, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Rev Chilena Infectol. 2010 Feb;27(1):34-9. Epub 2010 Feb 3.
Undergraduate healthcare students are exposed to bloodborne pathogens, and data from developing countries is scarce. We report the experience of a comprehensive program dedicated to the management of this risk. The program includes financial coverage, a 24-hour attention system, HIV, HBV, HCV testing, and free provision of post-exposure antiretroviral drugs. During 2003-2007, incidence rates of these exposures reached 0.9 per 100 student-years. Events were only observed among medicine, nursing, and midwifery students, with rates highest among nursing students (RR 3.5 IC95 1.93 - 6.51). Cuts and needle stick injuries predominated (74.7% of accidents). Three students were exposed to HIV patients (1.9%), all of them received prophylactic drugs, infection was discarded after follow up, and also discarded after exposures to HBV or HCV (0.6% of all accidents). Cost per 1000 student-year was less than 2000 USD. Healthcare students are exposed to biological risks during their studies and a comprehensive program is feasible in a developing country.
本科医学生接触血源性病原体，而发展中国家这方面的数据稀缺。我们报告了一个致力于管理此类风险的综合项目的经验。该项目包括费用覆盖、24小时护理系统、艾滋病毒、乙肝病毒、丙肝病毒检测，以及免费提供暴露后抗逆转录病毒药物。在2003年至2007年期间，这些暴露的发生率达到每100学生年0.9例。事件仅在医学、护理和助产专业学生中观察到，护理专业学生的发生率最高（相对危险度3.5，95%置信区间1.93 - 6.51）。割伤和针刺伤占主导（占事故的74.7%）。三名学生接触了艾滋病毒患者（占1.9%），他们均接受了预防性药物治疗，随访后排除感染，接触乙肝病毒或丙肝病毒后也排除感染（占所有事故的0.6%）。每1000学生年的成本低于2000美元。医学生在学习期间接触生物风险，在发展中国家实施综合项目是可行的。
