Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA.
Am Psychol. 2010 Feb-Mar;65(2):110-26. doi: 10.1037/a0018413.
Evolutionary psychology has emerged over the past 15 years as a major theoretical perspective, generating an increasing volume of empirical studies and assuming a larger presence within psychological science. At the same time, it has generated critiques and remains controversial among some psychologists. Some of the controversy stems from hypotheses that go against traditional psychological theories; some from empirical findings that may have disturbing implications; some from misunderstandings about the logic of evolutionary psychology; and some from reasonable scientific concerns about its underlying framework. This article identifies some of the most common concerns and attempts to elucidate evolutionary psychology's stance pertaining to them. These include issues of testability and falsifiability; the domain specificity versus domain generality of psychological mechanisms; the role of novel environments as they interact with evolved psychological circuits; the role of genes in the conceptual structure of evolutionary psychology; the roles of learning, socialization, and culture in evolutionary psychology; and the practical value of applied evolutionary psychology. The article concludes with a discussion of the limitations of current evolutionary psychology.
进化心理学在过去的 15 年中作为一个主要的理论视角出现，产生了越来越多的实证研究，并在心理学科学中占据了更大的地位。与此同时，它也引发了批评，并在一些心理学家中仍然存在争议。一些争议源于与传统心理学理论相悖的假设；一些源于可能具有令人不安影响的实证发现；一些源于对进化心理学逻辑的误解；还有一些源于对其基础框架的合理科学担忧。本文确定了一些最常见的关注点，并试图阐明进化心理学在这些问题上的立场。这些问题包括可检验性和可证伪性；心理机制的特定领域与一般领域；新环境与进化心理电路相互作用的作用；基因在进化心理学概念结构中的作用；学习、社会化和文化在进化心理学中的作用；以及应用进化心理学的实际价值。文章最后讨论了当前进化心理学的局限性。
