Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, Potsdam, Germany.
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2010 Jun;32(2):196-207. doi: 10.3109/08923970903292663.
Carbohydrates and glycoconjugates are involved in a number of biological processes including host-pathogen interactions, cell communication, proliferation and differentiation as well as the initiation of immune responses. However, access to synthetic oligosaccharide structures has been limited for long time since no standardized protocols for the synthesis of complex oligosaccharides from monomeric building block existed. Recent advances in glycochemistry and glycobiology have helped elucidate biological functions of carbohydrates. Novel methods such as automated synthesis of vaccine candidates and immunologically relevant carbohydrates have contributed to this success as well as high-throughput methods such as glycan arrays. This review illustrates the impact of carbohydrate synthesis on the design of efficient carbohydrate-based antimicrobial and anticancer vaccines. Furthermore, this review focuses on how immunological research can benefit from these novel tools provided by glycochemistry.
碳水化合物和糖缀合物参与多种生物学过程，包括宿主-病原体相互作用、细胞通讯、增殖和分化以及免疫反应的启动。然而，由于没有从单体构建块合成复杂寡糖的标准化方案，因此很长一段时间以来，获得合成寡糖结构的方法受到限制。糖化学和糖生物学的最新进展有助于阐明碳水化合物的生物学功能。新型方法，如疫苗候选物和免疫相关碳水化合物的自动化合成，以及高通量方法，如聚糖阵列，都为此做出了贡献。本文综述了碳水化合物合成对设计高效基于碳水化合物的抗微生物和抗癌疫苗的影响。此外，本文还重点介绍了免疫研究如何受益于糖化学提供的这些新工具。
