Bertók Tomáš, Katrlík Jaroslav, Gemeiner Peter, Tkac Jan
Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Mikrochim Acta. 2013 Jan;180(1):1-13. doi: 10.1007/s00604-012-0876-4. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
Glycans and other saccharide moieties attached to proteins and lipids, or present on the surface of a cell, are actively involved in numerous physiological or pathological processes. Their structural flexibility (that is based on the formation of various kinds of linkages between saccharides) is making glycans superb "identity cards". In fact, glycans can form more "words" or "codes" (i.e., unique sequences) from the same number of "letters" (building blocks) than DNA or proteins. Glycans are physicochemically similar and it is not a trivial task to identify their sequence, or - even more challenging - to link a given glycan to a particular physiological or pathological process. Lectins can recognise differences in glycan compositions even in their bound state and therefore are most useful tools in the task to decipher the "glycocode". Thus, lectin-based biosensors working in a label-free mode can effectively complement the current weaponry of analytical tools in glycomics. This review gives an introduction into the area of glycomics and then focuses on the design, analytical performance, and practical utility of lectin-based electrochemical label-free biosensors for the detection of isolated glycoproteins or intact cells.
与蛋白质和脂质相连或存在于细胞表面的聚糖及其他糖类部分，积极参与众多生理或病理过程。它们的结构灵活性（基于糖类之间形成的各种连接）使聚糖成为出色的“身份证”。事实上，与DNA或蛋白质相比，聚糖能用相同数量的“字母”（构建单元）组成更多的“单词”或“密码”（即独特序列）。聚糖在物理化学性质上相似，识别其序列并非易事，而将特定聚糖与特定生理或病理过程联系起来则更具挑战性。凝集素即使在其结合状态下也能识别聚糖组成的差异，因此是破解“糖密码”任务中最有用的工具。因此，以无标记模式工作的基于凝集素的生物传感器可以有效地补充糖组学中当前的分析工具。本文综述首先介绍糖组学领域，然后重点阐述基于凝集素的无标记电化学生物传感器在检测分离的糖蛋白或完整细胞方面的设计、分析性能及实际应用。
