建立、维持和修改动植物中的 DNA 甲基化模式。
Establishing, maintaining and modifying DNA methylation patterns in plants and animals.
机构信息
Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California-Los Angeles, 90095-1606, USA.
出版信息
Nat Rev Genet. 2010 Mar;11(3):204-20. doi: 10.1038/nrg2719.
Abstract
Cytosine DNA methylation is a stable epigenetic mark that is crucial for diverse biological processes, including gene and transposon silencing, imprinting and X chromosome inactivation. Recent findings in plants and animals have greatly increased our understanding of the pathways used to accurately target, maintain and modify patterns of DNA methylation and have revealed unanticipated mechanistic similarities between these organisms. Key roles have emerged for small RNAs, proteins with domains that bind methylated DNA and DNA glycosylases in these processes. Drawing on insights from both plants and animals should deepen our understanding of the regulation and biological significance of DNA methylation.
摘要
胞嘧啶 DNA 甲基化是一种稳定的表观遗传标记，对于包括基因和转座子沉默、印迹和 X 染色体失活在内的多种生物过程至关重要。最近在植物和动物中的发现极大地提高了我们对精确靶向、维持和修饰 DNA 甲基化模式的途径的理解，并揭示了这些生物体之间出人意料的机制相似性。在这些过程中小 RNA、具有结合甲基化 DNA 结构域的蛋白质和 DNA 糖苷酶发挥了关键作用。借鉴植物和动物的研究结果应该会加深我们对 DNA 甲基化的调控和生物学意义的理解。
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