Haga Susanne B
Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2009 Jul 1;3(4):781-8. doi: 10.1177/193229680900300427.
With the rising number of individuals affected with diabetes and the significant health care costs of treatment, the emphasis on prevention is key to controlling the health burden of this disease. Several genetic and genomic studies have identified genetic variants associated with increased risk to diabetes. As a result, commercial testing is available to predict an individual's genetic risk. Although the clinical benefits of testing have not yet been demonstrated, it is worth considering some of the ethical implications of testing for this common chronic disease. In this article, I discuss several issues that should be considered during the translation of predictive testing for diabetes, including familial implications, improvement of risk communication, implications for behavioral change and health outcomes, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, direct-to-consumer testing, and appropriate age of testing.
随着患糖尿病的人数不断增加以及治疗所需的巨额医疗费用，强调预防是控制这种疾病健康负担的关键。多项基因和基因组研究已确定了与糖尿病风险增加相关的基因变异。因此，现在可以进行商业检测来预测个体的遗传风险。尽管检测的临床益处尚未得到证实，但值得考虑针对这种常见慢性病进行检测所涉及的一些伦理问题。在本文中，我将讨论在糖尿病预测性检测的转化过程中应考虑的几个问题，包括对家族的影响、风险沟通的改善、对行为改变和健康结果的影响、《基因信息非歧视法案》、直接面向消费者的检测以及合适的检测年龄。
