Schecter Arnold, Colacino Justin, Haffner Darrah, Patel Keyur, Opel Matthias, Päpke Olaf, Birnbaum Linda
Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Dallas, Texas 75390 , USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Jun;118(6):796-802. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901347. Epub 2010 Feb 10.
The objective of this article is to extend our previous studies of persistent organic pollutant (POP) contamination of U.S. food by measuring perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), organochlorine pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in composite food samples. This study is part of a larger study reported in two articles, the other of which reports levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane brominated flame retardants in these composite foods [Schecter et al. 2010. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclodecane (HBCD) in composite U.S. food samples, Environ Health Perspect 118:357-362].
In this study we measured concentrations of 32 organochlorine pesticides, 7 PCBs, and 11 PFCs in composite samples of 31 different types of food (310 individual food samples) purchased from supermarkets in Dallas, Texas (USA), in 2009. Dietary intake of these chemicals was calculated for an average American.
Contamination varied greatly among chemical and food types. The highest level of pesticide contamination was from the dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) metabolite p,p -dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, which ranged from 0.028 ng/g wet weight (ww) in whole milk yogurt to 2.3 ng/g ww in catfish fillets. We found PCB congeners (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180) primarily in fish, with highest levels in salmon (PCB-153, 1.2 ng/g ww; PCB-138, 0.93 ng/g ww). For PFCs, we detected perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in 17 of 31 samples, ranging from 0.07 ng/g in potatoes to 1.80 ng/g in olive oil. In terms of dietary intake, DDT and DDT metabolites, endosulfans, aldrin, PCBs, and PFOA were consumed at the highest levels.
Despite product bans, we found POPs in U.S. food, and mixtures of these chemicals are consumed by the American public at varying levels. This suggests the need to expand testing of food for chemical contaminants.
本文的目的是通过测量复合食品样本中的全氟化合物（PFCs）、有机氯农药和多氯联苯（PCBs），扩展我们之前关于美国食品中持久性有机污染物（POP）污染的研究。本研究是在两篇文章中报道的一项更大规模研究的一部分，另一篇文章报道了这些复合食品中多溴二苯醚和六溴环十二烷溴化阻燃剂的含量[Schecter等人，2010年。美国复合食品样本中的多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和六溴环十二烷（HBCD），《环境健康展望》118:357 - 362]。
在本研究中，我们测量了2009年从美国得克萨斯州达拉斯市超市购买的31种不同类型食品的复合样本（310个独立食品样本）中32种有机氯农药、7种多氯联苯和11种全氟化合物的浓度。计算了普通美国人对这些化学物质的膳食摄入量。
不同化学物质和食品类型的污染程度差异很大。农药污染水平最高的是二氯二苯三氯乙烷（DDT）的代谢物p,p -二氯二苯二氯乙烯，其在全脂酸奶中的湿重含量为0.028纳克/克，在鲶鱼片中的湿重含量为2.3纳克/克。我们发现多氯联苯同系物（28、52、101、118、138、153和180）主要存在于鱼类中，鲑鱼中的含量最高（PCB - 153为1.2纳克/克湿重；PCB - 138为0.93纳克/克湿重）。对于全氟化合物，我们在31个样本中的17个中检测到了全氟辛酸（PFOA），含量从土豆中的0.07纳克/克到橄榄油中的1.80纳克/克不等。在膳食摄入量方面，DDT及其代谢物、硫丹、艾氏剂、多氯联苯和全氟辛酸的摄入量最高。
尽管有产品禁令，我们在美国食品中仍发现了持久性有机污染物，美国公众摄入了不同水平的这些化学物质混合物。这表明有必要扩大对食品化学污染物的检测范围
