Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 May;21(5):332-8. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.10.010. Epub 2010 Feb 13.
Arterial stiffness is a prominent feature of vascular aging and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Fat around the heart and blood vessels (i.e. pericardial fat, Pfat) may contribute to arterial stiffness via a local paracrine effect of adipose tissue on the surrounding vasculature. Thus, we determined the association between Pfat and carotid stiffness in 5770 participants (mean age 62 years, 53% female, 25% African American, 24% Hispanic, and 13% Chinese) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Pfat was measured by computed tomography, and ultrasonography of the common carotid artery was used to calculate the distensibility coefficient (DC) and Young's modulus (YM). Lower DC and higher YM values indicate stiffer arteries. Pfat quartile was highly associated with demographic, behavioral, anthropometric, hemodynamic, metabolic, and disease variables in both men and women. After adjusting for height, clinical site, CVD risk factors, and medications, a 1 standard deviation (41.91 cm(3)) increment in Pfat was associated with a 0.00007±0.00002 1/mm Hg lower DC (p=0.0002) in men and a 48.1±15.1 mm Hg/mm higher YM in women (p=0.002). Additional adjustment for C-reactive protein, coronary artery calcification, and carotid intima-media thickness had only modest effects. More importantly, adjusting for body mass index and waist circumference did not significantly change the overall results.
Higher Pfat is associated with higher carotid stiffness, independent of traditional CVD risk factors and obesity.
动脉僵硬度是血管老化的一个显著特征，也是心血管疾病（CVD）的一个危险因素。心脏和血管周围的脂肪（即心包脂肪，Pfat）可能通过脂肪组织对周围血管的局部旁分泌作用导致动脉僵硬度。因此，我们在 5770 名参与者（平均年龄 62 岁，53%为女性，25%为非裔美国人，24%为西班牙裔，13%为中国人）中确定了 Pfat 与颈动脉僵硬度之间的关系。这些参与者来自动脉粥样硬化的多民族研究。
Pfat 通过计算机断层扫描进行测量，而颈总动脉的超声检查用于计算可扩展性系数（DC）和杨氏模量（YM）。较低的 DC 和较高的 YM 值表示动脉更硬。在男性和女性中，Pfat 四分位数与人口统计学、行为、人体测量学、血液动力学、代谢和疾病变量高度相关。在调整身高、临床部位、CVD 危险因素和药物后，Pfat 增加 1 个标准差（41.91cm³）与男性 DC 降低 0.00007±0.00002 1/mm Hg（p=0.0002）和女性 YM 升高 48.1±15.1 mm Hg/mm 相关（p=0.002）。进一步调整 C 反应蛋白、冠状动脉钙化和颈动脉内膜-中层厚度仅产生适度影响。更重要的是，调整体重指数和腰围并没有显著改变整体结果。
Pfat 较高与颈动脉僵硬度较高相关，独立于传统 CVD 危险因素和肥胖。
