Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States.
Cogn Psychol. 2010 Jun;60(4):267-90. doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2010.01.003. Epub 2010 Feb 13.
How is the meaning of a word retrieved without interference from recently viewed words? The ROUSE theory of priming assumes a discounting process to reduce source confusion between subsequently presented words. As applied to semantic satiation, this theory predicted a loss of association between the lexical item and meaning. Four experiments tested this explanation in a speeded category-matching task. All experiments used lists of 20 trials that presented a cue word for 1s followed by a target word. Randomly mixed across the list, 10 trials used cues drawn from the same category whereas the other 10 trials used cues from 10 other categories. In Experiments 1a and 1b, the cues were repeated category labels (FRUIT-APPLE) and responses gradually slowed for the repeated category. In Experiment 2, the cues were nonrepeated exemplars (PEAR-APPLE) and responses remained faster for the repeated category. In Experiment 3, the cues were repeated exemplars in a word matching task (APPLE-APPLE) and responses again remained faster for the repeated category.
一个单词的意义是如何在不受最近看过的单词干扰的情况下被检索出来的？启动的 ROUSE 理论假设存在一个折扣过程，以减少随后呈现的单词之间的来源混淆。应用于语义饱和时，该理论预测词汇项和意义之间的关联会丧失。四项实验在一个快速类别匹配任务中检验了这个解释。所有实验都使用了 20 个试验的列表，每个试验呈现一个提示词持续 1 秒，然后呈现一个目标词。在列表中随机混合，10 个试验使用来自同一类别（FRUIT-APPLE）的提示词，而其他 10 个试验使用来自 10 个其他类别的提示词。在实验 1a 和 1b 中，提示词是重复的类别标签（FRUIT-APPLE），对于重复的类别，反应逐渐变慢。在实验 2 中，提示词是非重复的示例（PEAR-APPLE），对于重复的类别，反应仍然更快。在实验 3 中，提示词是在单词匹配任务中的重复示例（APPLE-APPLE），对于重复的类别，反应再次更快。
