Clopper Cynthia G, Bradlow Ann R
Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA.
J Phon. 2009 Oct 1;37(4):436-451. doi: 10.1016/j.wocn.2009.07.004.
Most second language acquisition research focuses on linguistic structures, and less research has examined the acquisition of sociolinguistic patterns. The current study explored the perceptual classification of regional dialects of American English by native and non-native listeners using a free classification task. Results revealed similar classification strategies for the native and non-native listeners. However, the native listeners were more accurate overall than the non-native listeners. In addition, the non-native listeners were less able to make use of constellations of cues to accurately classify the talkers by dialect. However, the non-native listeners were able to attend to cues that were either phonologically or sociolinguistically relevant in their native language. These results suggest that non-native listeners can use information in the speech signal to classify talkers by regional dialect, but that their lack of signal-independent cultural knowledge about variation in the second language leads to less accurate classification performance.
大多数第二语言习得研究都聚焦于语言结构，而对社会语言模式习得的研究较少。本研究通过一项自由分类任务，探究了以英语为母语者和非母语者对美国英语方言的感知分类。结果显示，以英语为母语者和非母语者的分类策略相似。然而，总体而言，以英语为母语者比非母语者的分类更准确。此外，非母语者不太能够利用线索组合，依据方言准确地对方言使用者进行分类。不过，非母语者能够注意到那些在其母语中与语音或社会语言相关的线索。这些结果表明，非母语者可以利用语音信号中的信息，依据地区方言对方言使用者进行分类，但他们缺乏与第二语言变体相关的、独立于信号的文化知识，这导致了分类表现不够准确。
