句子生成中的抽象句法：来自词干交换错误的证据。
Abstract syntax in sentence production: Evidence from stem-exchange errors.
作者信息
Lane Liane Wardlow, Ferreira Victor S
机构信息
University of California, San Diego.
出版信息
J Mem Lang. 2010 Feb 1;62(2):151-165. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2009.11.005.
Three experiments tested theories of syntactic representation by assessing stem exchange errors ("hates the record" -> "records the hate"). Previous research has shown that in stem exchanges, speakers pronounce intended nouns ("REcord") as verbs ("reCORD"), yielding syntactically well-formed utterances. By lexically based theories, resulting utterances are well-formed because speakers originally selected verbal forms ("reCORD"). By frame-based theories, resulting utterances are well-formed because independent syntactic frames compel conversion of intended nouns into verbs. Lexically based theories predict stem exchange errors should occur independently of syntactic context. Experiment 1 showed that speakers pronounced nouns as verbs only in utterances that required verbs; when utterances allowed nouns or verbs ("record and hate"), speakers pronounced nouns as nouns. Experiment 2 showed this was not an artifact of requiring specific utterance types. Experiment 3 ruled out a phonological influence over syntactic production. Consistent with frame-based theories, this evidence suggests that syntactic frames are abstract and independent.
三项实验通过评估词干交换错误（“讨厌唱片” -> “记录仇恨”）来检验句法表征理论。先前的研究表明，在词干交换中，说话者会将预期的名词（“唱片”）发音为动词（“记录”），从而产生句法上符合语法的话语。根据基于词汇的理论，产生的话语符合语法，因为说话者最初选择的是动词形式（“记录”）。根据基于框架的理论，产生的话语符合语法，因为独立的句法框架迫使预期的名词转换为动词。基于词汇的理论预测，词干交换错误应该独立于句法语境而出现。实验1表明，说话者仅在需要动词的话语中将名词发音为动词；当话语允许使用名词或动词时（“唱片和仇恨”），说话者将名词发音为名词。实验2表明，这不是要求特定话语类型的人为结果。实验3排除了语音对句法生成的影响。与基于框架的理论一致，这一证据表明句法框架是抽象且独立的。
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