Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Rouen, CETAPS EA 3832, Mont Saint Aignan, France.
Int J Sports Med. 2010 Mar;31(3):167-73. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1243640. Epub 2010 Feb 17.
This study quantified the effects of breathing compared to non-breathing and "race pace" on arm to leg coordination in the butterfly stroke. Twelve elite male swimmers swam at four paces: 400 m, 200 m, 100 m and 50 m. The arm and leg stroke phases were identified by video analysis to calculate the total time gap (TTG), which is the sum of T1 (hands' entry in the water/high point of first kick), T2 (beginning of the hands' backward movement/low point of first kick), T3 (hands' arrival in a vertical plane to the shoulders/high point of second kick) and T4 (hands' release from the water/low point of second kick). Two strokes with breathing were compared to two strokes with breath-holding. The TTG was greater with breathing (23.3% VS. 19%), showing less propulsive continuity between arm and leg actions (p<0.05). This was due to the shorter downward leg kick and longer arm catch and upward leg kick that led to longer glide time. Conversely, breathing leads to greater coupling between the hand exit and the end of leg propulsion, which was due to a shorter arm push phase to facilitate the head exit to breathe.
本研究定量分析了在蝶泳中呼吸与非呼吸和“比赛速度”对臂腿协调的影响。12 名优秀男性游泳运动员以四种泳姿进行了游泳：400 米、200 米、100 米和 50 米。通过视频分析确定臂和腿的划水阶段，以计算总时间差（TTG），即 T1（手入水/第一次踢腿的最高点）、T2（手向后移动的开始/第一次踢腿的最低点）、T3（手到达垂直于肩部的平面/第二次踢腿的最高点）和 T4（手从水中释放/第二次踢腿的最低点）的总和。将两次带呼吸的划水与两次闭气的划水进行比较。带呼吸的 TTG 更大（23.3%比 19%），手臂和腿部动作之间的推进连续性较差（p<0.05）。这是由于向下的腿部踢腿更短，手臂抓水和向上的腿部踢腿更长，导致滑行时间更长。相反，呼吸会导致手的出水和腿部推进结束之间更大的耦合，这是由于手臂推动阶段更短，有助于头部出水呼吸。
