Cancer Prevention Research Centre, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
J Urban Health. 2010 Mar;87(2):189-198. doi: 10.1007/s11524-009-9424-x.
The walkability attributes of neighborhood environments (residential density, land use mixture, and connectedness of streets) have been found to be associated with higher rates of walking. However, relatively less is known about the associations of walkability attributes with bicycle use for transport. We examined the relationships between adults' bicycle use for transport and measures of neighborhood walkability in two settings: an Australian city (Adelaide) with low rates of bicycle use and a Belgian city (Ghent) with high rates of bicycle use. A total of 2,159 and 382 participants were recruited in Adelaide and Ghent, respectively. A walkability index was derived from objectively measured data in Adelaide, while a similar index was derived from perceived measures in Ghent. Logistic regression models were employed to examine associations of bicycle use with different levels of walkability. There were higher rates of bicycle ownership for Ghent compared to Adelaide participants (96% versus 61%), and there was a higher prevalence of bicycle use for transport for Ghent compared to Adelaide participants (50% vs. 14%). Despite the large differences in bicycle ownership and use, living in a high-walkable neighborhood was associated with significantly higher odds of bicycle use for transport in both cities, after adjusting for relevant confounding factors. Built-environment innovations that are increasingly being advocated by health authorities and transport planners, primarily to promote higher rates of walking for transport, should also impact positively on bicycle use.
社区环境的步行属性（居住密度、土地利用混合度以及街道的连通性）与较高的步行率有关。然而，关于步行属性与自行车交通使用之间的关联，人们的了解相对较少。我们在两个环境中检验了成年人自行车交通使用与社区步行属性之间的关系：自行车使用率较低的澳大利亚城市（阿德莱德）和自行车使用率较高的比利时城市（根特）。在阿德莱德共招募了 2159 名参与者，在根特共招募了 382 名参与者。阿德莱德的步行属性指数是根据客观测量数据得出的，而根特的类似指数则是根据感知测量得出的。我们采用逻辑回归模型检验了自行车使用与不同步行属性水平之间的关联。与阿德莱德参与者相比，根特参与者的自行车拥有率更高（96%比 61%），自行车交通使用的比例也更高（50%比 14%）。尽管自行车拥有率和使用率存在很大差异，但在调整了相关混杂因素后，居住在高步行友好型社区与两个城市自行车交通使用的几率显著增加有关。健康当局和交通规划者越来越提倡的、主要用于促进更高比例的步行交通的建筑环境创新，也应该对自行车的使用产生积极影响。
