Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Int J Public Health. 2013 Aug;58(4):615-25. doi: 10.1007/s00038-012-0435-0. Epub 2012 Dec 6.
The aim of this study was to investigate which GIS-based measures of walkability (density, land-use mix, connectivity and walkability indexes) in urban and suburban neighbourhoods are used in research and which of them are consistently associated with walking and cycling for transport, overall active transportation and weight-related measures in adults.
A systematic review of English publications using PubMed, Science Direct, Active Living Research Literature Database, the Transportation Research Information Service and reference lists was conducted. The search terms utilised were synonyms for GIS in combination with synonyms for the outcomes.
Thirty-four publications based on 19 different studies were eligible. Walkability measures such as gross population density, intersection density and walkability indexes most consistently correlated with measures of physical activity for transport. Results on weight-related measures were inconsistent.
More research is needed to determine whether walkability is an appropriate measure for predicting weight-related measures and overall active transportation. As most of the consistent correlates, gross population density, intersection density and the walkability indexes have the potential to be used in planning and monitoring.
本研究旨在调查城市和郊区社区中基于 GIS 的可步行性衡量指标（密度、土地利用混合、连通性和可步行性指数）在研究中被使用的情况，以及它们中哪些与成年人的步行和骑车出行、总体积极出行以及与体重相关的衡量指标具有一致性关联。
我们对使用 PubMed、Science Direct、积极生活研究文献数据库、交通研究信息服务和参考文献列表的英文出版物进行了系统综述。使用的检索词是 GIS 的同义词与结果的同义词的组合。
有 34 篇基于 19 项不同研究的出版物符合纳入标准。可步行性衡量指标，如总人口密度、交叉口密度和可步行性指数，与交通活动的身体活动衡量指标最一致相关。关于与体重相关的衡量指标的结果不一致。
需要进一步研究来确定可步行性是否是预测与体重相关的衡量指标和总体积极出行的合适衡量指标。由于大多数一致的关联因素，总人口密度、交叉口密度和可步行性指数具有在规划和监测中使用的潜力。
