Mackinnon A J, Henderson A S, Andrews G
NH&MRC Social Psychiatry Research Unit, Australian National University, Canberra.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1991 Feb;83(2):153-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb07382.x.
In the investigation of the relationship between childhood adversity and adult psychopathology, scales that require retrospective reports of parental style are often employed. Controversy exists as to whether these scales reflect the actual behavior of the parents concerned or reflect the perceptions of the child. One such scale, the Parental Bonding Instrument, was completed by a volunteer sample of 672 twins. For females, agreement between twins was generally high and a shared environment model fitted all scales except maternal care. This is consistent with the view that the ratings reflect the behavior of the parents. Agreement between male twins was substantially lower and well-fitting models did not include a shared environment component. It is argued that the scales may be affected by competition between twins or comparisons made by the respondent with his or her co-twin.
在对童年逆境与成人精神病理学之间关系的调查中，常使用要求回顾性报告父母教养方式的量表。关于这些量表是反映了相关父母的实际行为还是反映了孩子的认知，存在争议。其中一个这样的量表，即父母教养方式问卷，由672对双胞胎的志愿者样本完成。对于女性双胞胎来说，双胞胎之间的一致性通常较高，并且一个共享环境模型适用于除母亲关怀之外的所有量表。这与量表反映父母行为的观点一致。男性双胞胎之间的一致性则显著较低，且拟合良好的模型不包括共享环境成分。有人认为，这些量表可能受到双胞胎之间竞争或受访者与他或她的双胞胎进行比较的影响。
