Li G, Shen Y C, Chen C H, Zhau Y W, Li S R, Lu M
Institute of Mental Health, Beijing Medical University, People's Republic of China.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1991 Feb;83(2):99-104. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb07373.x.
A 3-year follow-up study of 1090 people aged 60 years or over in an urban area of Beijing, China, was conducted to determine the incidence of dementia and its characteristics of distribution. This cohort has been studied first in a cross-sectional survey of dementia in 1986. The follow-up examination employed the same interviewers, psychiatrists, instruments (Mini-Mental State Examination and the Crichton Royal Behavior Rating Scale) and diagnostic criteria for dementia (modified DSM-III) in 1989. The respondent rate in this study was 75.7%. The average annual incidence rate of moderate and severe dementia for greater than or equal to 60 years was 0.3% (95% confidence interval 0.08-0.52%). As expected, the rate increased sharply with aging. No sex difference was found. The prevalence rate of moderate and severe dementia was 1.10% among those aged greater than or equal to 65 years, similar to that (1.82%) in the first survey. Our results showed that the multi-infarct dementia was somewhat more common than primary degenerative dementia (ratio 3:2), both among incident cases and current prevalent ones. The average duration of dementia in the community was 8.0 years (SD 3.4). The risk for death in demented patients was 3 times higher than in the whole cohort (standardized mortality ratio = 2.95), and no specific cause of death was observed. In addition, our study showed that elderly people with less education, a history of consistent unemployment, limited physical activity and stroke history had a higher risk for developing dementia.
在中国北京一个城区，对1090名60岁及以上的人群进行了一项为期3年的随访研究，以确定痴呆症的发病率及其分布特征。该队列在1986年的痴呆症横断面调查中首次接受研究。1989年的随访检查由相同的访谈人员、精神科医生、工具（简易精神状态检查表和克里顿皇家行为评定量表）以及痴呆症诊断标准（修订的DSM-III）进行。本研究的应答率为75.7%。60岁及以上人群中重度痴呆的年均发病率为0.3%（95%置信区间0.08 - 0.52%）。正如预期的那样，发病率随年龄急剧上升。未发现性别差异。65岁及以上人群中重度痴呆的患病率为1.10%，与首次调查中的患病率（1.82%）相似。我们的结果表明，无论是在新发病例还是现患病例中，多发性梗死性痴呆都比原发性退行性痴呆更为常见（比例为3:2）。社区中痴呆症的平均病程为8.0年（标准差3.4）。痴呆患者的死亡风险比整个队列高3倍（标准化死亡比 = 2.95），且未观察到特定的死亡原因。此外，我们的研究表明，受教育程度较低、有持续失业史、身体活动受限和有中风史的老年人患痴呆症的风险更高。
