Institute of Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich, Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Apr;91(4):950-7. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28548. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
Coffee consumption is associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes. Suggested mechanisms underlying the association have included attenuation of subclinical inflammation and a reduction in oxidative stress.
The aim was to investigate the effects of daily coffee consumption on biomarkers of coffee intake, subclinical inflammation, oxidative stress, glucose, and lipid metabolism.
Habitual coffee drinkers (n = 47) refrained for 1 mo from coffee drinking; in the second month they consumed 4 cups of filtered coffee/d and in the third month 8 cups of filtered coffee/d (150 mL/cup). Blood samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, bead-based multiplex technology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, or immunonephelometry.
Coffee consumption led to an increase in coffee-derived compounds, mainly serum caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid metabolites. Significant changes were also observed for serum concentrations of interleukin-18, 8-isoprostane, and adiponectin (medians: -8%, -16%, and 6%, respectively; consumption of 8 compared with 0 cups coffee/d). Serum concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein A-I increased significantly by 12%, 7%, and 4%, respectively, whereas the ratios of LDL to HDL cholesterol and of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A-I decreased significantly by 8% and 9%, respectively (8 compared with 0 cups coffee/d). No changes were seen for markers of glucose metabolism in an oral-glucose-tolerance test.
Coffee consumption appears to have beneficial effects on subclinical inflammation and HDL cholesterol, whereas no changes in glucose metabolism were found in our study. Furthermore, many coffee-derived methylxanthines and caffeic acid metabolites appear to be useful as biomarkers of coffee intake.
咖啡的摄入与 2 型糖尿病风险降低有关。该关联的潜在机制包括减轻亚临床炎症和减少氧化应激。
本研究旨在探究每日咖啡摄入对咖啡摄入量、亚临床炎症、氧化应激、葡萄糖和脂质代谢生物标志物的影响。
习惯性咖啡饮用者（n=47）戒咖啡 1 个月；第 2 个月饮用 4 杯过滤咖啡/天；第 3 个月饮用 8 杯过滤咖啡/天（150 毫升/杯）。采用气相色谱-质谱联用、基于珠子的多重技术、酶联免疫吸附测定或免疫比浊法分析血液样本。
咖啡摄入导致咖啡衍生化合物增加，主要是血清咖啡因、绿原酸和咖啡酸代谢物。血清白细胞介素-18、8-异前列腺素和脂联素浓度也发生显著变化（中位数分别为-8%、-16%和 6%；与 0 杯咖啡/天相比，摄入 8 杯咖啡/天）。总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白 A-I 血清浓度分别显著增加 12%、7%和 4%，而 LDL 与 HDL 胆固醇的比值和载脂蛋白 B 与载脂蛋白 A-I 的比值分别显著降低 8%和 9%（与 0 杯咖啡/天相比，摄入 8 杯咖啡/天）。口服葡萄糖耐量试验中未见葡萄糖代谢标志物的变化。
在本研究中，咖啡摄入似乎对亚临床炎症和 HDL 胆固醇有益，而对葡萄糖代谢无影响。此外，许多咖啡衍生的甲基黄嘌呤和咖啡酸代谢物似乎可作为咖啡摄入量的生物标志物。
