The Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;20(3):785-94. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2010-091573.
As the number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is expected to grow, finding ways to prevent and lower the risk of AD becomes a crucial matter. Risk factors for developing AD have been identified including health conditions, dietary habits, genetics and heredity, gender, education, age, and lifestyle. Interventions targeted at some of these risk factors may offer opportunities for development of an optimal preventive strategy. Lifestyle habits which include dietary habits and physical activities appear to have positive effect on modifying many risk factors. Studies have shown controversial results when it comes to the relation between the adherence to a Mediterranean diet and /or physical activity and the incidence of AD. Many population-based studies reported the positive association between antioxidants intake (like vitamin E and C), and polyunsaturated fatty acids whether it is from the diet or supplements on the cognitive performance. Future investigations should aim to determine objectively whether lifestyle modification through diet, exercise, or vitamins/supplements truly exert risk reduction or outright prevention. In this review, lifestyle habits are reviewed as they pertain to influence on risk of developing AD as well as on cognitive decline. Epidemiological studies and animal studies are reviewed.
随着阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者人数的预计增长，寻找预防和降低 AD 风险的方法变得至关重要。AD 发病的风险因素已经确定，包括健康状况、饮食习惯、遗传和遗传、性别、教育、年龄和生活方式。针对这些风险因素中的一些的干预措施可能为制定最佳预防策略提供机会。生活方式习惯，包括饮食习惯和体育活动，似乎对改变许多风险因素有积极影响。关于地中海饮食和/或体育活动的坚持与 AD 发病率之间的关系，研究结果存在争议。许多基于人群的研究报告了抗氧化剂摄入（如维生素 E 和 C）和多不饱和脂肪酸与认知表现之间的正相关关系，无论是来自饮食还是补充剂。未来的研究应旨在确定通过饮食、运动或维生素/补充剂进行生活方式的改变是否真的能降低风险或完全预防。在这篇综述中，审查了生活方式习惯，因为它们会影响 AD 发病风险以及认知能力下降。综述了流行病学研究和动物研究。
