Fulda Simone, Gorman Adrienne M, Hori Osamu, Samali Afshin
Children's Hospital, Ulm University, Eythstrasse. 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
Int J Cell Biol. 2010;2010:214074. doi: 10.1155/2010/214074. Epub 2010 Feb 21.
Cells can respond to stress in various ways ranging from the activation of survival pathways to the initiation of cell death that eventually eliminates damaged cells. Whether cells mount a protective or destructive stress response depends to a large extent on the nature and duration of the stress as well as the cell type. Also, there is often the interplay between these responses that ultimately determines the fate of the stressed cell. The mechanism by which a cell dies (i.e., apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, or autophagic cell death) depends on various exogenous factors as well as the cell's ability to handle the stress to which it is exposed. The implications of cellular stress responses to human physiology and diseases are manifold and will be discussed in this review in the context of some major world health issues such as diabetes, Parkinson's disease, myocardial infarction, and cancer.
细胞可以通过多种方式应对压力，从激活生存途径到启动细胞死亡，最终清除受损细胞。细胞是产生保护性还是破坏性的应激反应，在很大程度上取决于压力的性质和持续时间以及细胞类型。此外，这些反应之间常常存在相互作用，最终决定了受应激细胞的命运。细胞死亡的机制（即凋亡、坏死、焦亡或自噬性细胞死亡）取决于各种外源性因素以及细胞应对其所暴露压力的能力。细胞应激反应对人类生理和疾病的影响是多方面的，将在本综述中结合一些重大的世界卫生问题，如糖尿病、帕金森病、心肌梗死和癌症进行讨论。
