University of South Carolina, USA.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2009 Jul;38(4):460-72. doi: 10.1080/15374410902976288.
This study investigated psychosocial mechanisms that may account for sex differences in internalizing symptoms of depression and anxiety during adolescence using data from a prospective, multiwave study with a sample of early and middle adolescents (N = 350, 6th to 10th graders; 57% female). Girls showed higher initial levels of only depressive symptoms, not anxious arousal, and increasing trajectories of depressive and anxious arousal symptoms over time compared with boys after controlling for age. Initial levels of depressive symptoms were mediated by a Rumination x Stressors interaction as well as a Negative Cognitive Style x Stressors interaction. The Negative Cognitive Style x Stressors interaction and Rumination x Stressors interaction partially accounted for girls' increasing trajectories of depressive and anxious arousal symptoms over time.
本研究使用一项前瞻性、多波次研究的数据,该研究样本为青少年早期和中期(N=350,6 至 10 年级;57%为女性),旨在探究可能导致青少年期抑郁和焦虑的内化症状存在性别差异的心理社会机制。在控制年龄因素后,与男孩相比,女孩仅表现出更高水平的初始抑郁症状,而非焦虑唤醒症状,且随时间推移,抑郁和焦虑唤醒症状的发展轨迹也呈上升趋势。初始抑郁症状水平受到反刍思维与压力源的交互作用以及消极认知风格与压力源的交互作用的影响。消极认知风格与压力源的交互作用以及反刍思维与压力源的交互作用部分解释了女孩随时间推移抑郁和焦虑唤醒症状发展轨迹呈上升趋势的原因。