Freedman Marjorie R, Alvarez Karina P
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Packaging, San José State University, San José, CA 95192-0058, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Mar;110(3):447-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.11.018.
Early childhood is a critical period for shaping and influencing feeding and lifestyle behaviors that have implications for future weight and health. With more women in the workforce, families have become reliant on child care. Thus, the child-feeding relationship has become a shared responsibility between the parent and child-care provider. Little is known about the impact of child-care providers on development of early childhood feeding behaviors and subsequent risk for obesity, especially in the Hispanic ethnic group. This research examined child-feeding attitudes, practices, and knowledge of multi-ethnic home-based and center-based child-care providers. Questionnaires were completed by a convenience sample of 72 providers, 50 of whom completed a pre- and post-test on child-feeding knowledge after receiving a 90-minute class based on Satter's division of responsibility feeding model during the spring of 2008. Results indicate many providers had practices consistent with this model. However, substantial differences were reported by Hispanic providers, who were statistically more likely to encourage children to finish meals before dessert, prepare foods they perceived as well-liked by children, coach children to eat foods perceived as appropriate, and not eat with children during meals. A substantial increase in knowledge from 73% correct at pretest to 82% at post-test was noted, with a substantial increase in knowledge on five of 13 questions. However, knowledge was not always congruent with behavior. This study points to differences among providers based on ethnicity, and strongly recommends recruiting Hispanic child-care providers to participate in educational programs and community efforts to prevent obesity.
幼儿期是塑造和影响饮食及生活方式行为的关键时期，这些行为对未来体重和健康具有重要意义。随着越来越多的女性进入职场，家庭开始依赖儿童保育服务。因此，儿童喂养关系已成为父母与儿童保育提供者的共同责任。关于儿童保育提供者对幼儿喂养行为发展及后续肥胖风险的影响，我们知之甚少，尤其是在西班牙裔族群中。本研究调查了多种族的家庭式和中心式儿童保育提供者的儿童喂养态度、做法和知识。通过便利抽样，72名提供者完成了问卷调查，其中50人在2008年春季参加了基于萨特责任分工喂养模式的90分钟课程后，完成了关于儿童喂养知识的前后测。结果表明，许多提供者的做法与该模式一致。然而，西班牙裔提供者报告了显著差异，从统计学角度来看，他们更有可能鼓励孩子在吃甜点前吃完饭菜、准备他们认为孩子喜欢的食物、指导孩子吃他们认为合适的食物，以及在吃饭时不与孩子一起吃。注意到知识从测试前的73%正确大幅提高到测试后的82%，在13个问题中的5个问题上知识有大幅增加。然而，知识并不总是与行为一致。本研究指出了不同种族提供者之间的差异，并强烈建议招募西班牙裔儿童保育提供者参与预防肥胖的教育项目和社区活动。
