Virk Rukinder, Gill Sharlene, Yoshida Eric, Radley Simon, Salh Baljinder
Leeds University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Can J Gastroenterol. 2010 Jan;24(1):47-51. doi: 10.1155/2010/565613.
Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers and the second most common cause of cancer mortality in Western societies. Population screening has been introduced as a means to reducing its impact; however, there are little or no data on the incidence of this disorder in the different populations that comprise the Canadian population.
To retrospectively determine the incidence of colorectal cancer in selected racial populations of British Columbia.
The British Columbia Cancer Agency database was used to retrieve information on the incidence of cancers occurring during the years 1994 to 1998, with the British Columbia and national population censuses used to derive the age-specific and age-standardized incidence rates of colorectal cancers. Surnames were used to identify the origin of individuals from South Asian and Chinese backgrounds.
For the Caucasian Canadian (C) population, the weighted age-standardized incidence rate ranged from 51.99 per 100,000 in 1995, to 57.68 per 100,000 in 1998. For Chinese Canadians (CC), the range was 39.2 per 100,000 in 1996, to 31.2 per 100,000 in 1998. For South Asian Canadians (SAC), the range was 7.40 per 100,000 in 1994, to 24.85 per 100,000 in 1998. The RR for the development of cancer were significantly different when comparing C versus CC (RR 1.9; 95% CI 1.58 to 2.31; P<0.001), C versus SAC (RR 7.1; 95% CI 4.20 to 12.0; P<0.0001) and CC versus SAC (RR 3.7; 95% CI 2.14 to 6.5; P<0.0001).
Significant differences in the incidence of colorectal cancers have been defined for the first time in various racial subgroups in British Columbia. This finding may have important implications for both screening and understanding of the environmental factors influencing the biology of these lesions. Because SAC have among the highest incidence of atherosclerotic heart disease and diabetes, it suggests that unidentified genetic and/or environmental protective factors are capable of countering the traditionally recognized risk of high saturated fat intake for the development of colorectal cancer.
在西方社会，结肠癌是最常见的癌症之一，也是癌症致死的第二大常见原因。已采用人群筛查作为降低其影响的一种手段；然而，关于构成加拿大人口的不同人群中这种疾病的发病率，几乎没有数据。
回顾性确定不列颠哥伦比亚省特定种族人群中结直肠癌的发病率。
利用不列颠哥伦比亚癌症机构数据库检索1994年至1998年期间发生的癌症发病率信息，并使用不列颠哥伦比亚省和全国人口普查数据得出结直肠癌的年龄特异性发病率和年龄标准化发病率。通过姓氏来确定南亚和华裔背景个人的出身。
对于加拿大白人（C）人群，加权年龄标准化发病率从1995年的每10万人51.99例，到1998年的每10万人57.68例。对于加拿大华裔（CC），范围是从1996年的每10万人39.2例，到1998年的每10万人31.2例。对于南亚裔加拿大人（SAC），范围是从1994年的每10万人7.40例，到1998年的每10万人24.85例。比较C与CC时，患癌风险比（RR）有显著差异（RR 1.9；95%可信区间1.58至2.31；P<0.001），C与SAC比较（RR 7.1；95%可信区间4.20至12.0；P<0.0001），以及CC与SAC比较（RR 3.7；95%可信区间2.14至6.5；P<0.0001）。
首次在不列颠哥伦比亚省的不同种族亚组中明确了结直肠癌发病率的显著差异。这一发现可能对筛查以及理解影响这些病变生物学特性的环境因素具有重要意义。由于南亚裔加拿大人患动脉粥样硬化性心脏病和糖尿病的发病率最高，这表明存在尚未确定的遗传和/或环境保护因素，能够抵消传统上认为的高饱和脂肪摄入对结直肠癌发生的风险。
