Dawber R P, Colver G B
Department of Dermatology, Slade Hospital, Oxford, England.
Semin Dermatol. 1991 Mar;10(1):82-7.
Unlike most morphological types of malignant melanoma, that of the nail apparatus is relatively rare--only 2% to 3% of one series. Although in the case of blacks and orientals, the incidence of malignant melanoma of the nail apparatus is proportionately more common. However, it is a serious disease with poor 5-year survival figures in the published series--21% to 50%. This poor prognosis may be an intrinsic function of the site and of other parts of the body, but the lateness of diagnosis in many of the published cases is of far more significance. In malignant melanoma at other body sites, late diagnosis usually relates to the patient not presenting early in the course of the disease; this may also apply to nail malignant melanoma. However, the frequency of failure of the first line physician or surgeon to recognize the clinical signs or to perform a biopsy from the correct site to obtain an accurate diagnosis is far more important.
与大多数形态学类型的恶性黑色素瘤不同，甲床恶性黑色素瘤相对少见，在某一研究系列中仅占2%至3%。尽管在黑人和东方人中，甲床恶性黑色素瘤的发病率相对更高。然而，这是一种严重的疾病，在已发表的研究系列中5年生存率很低，为21%至50%。这种不良预后可能是该部位及身体其他部位的固有特征，但在许多已发表病例中诊断延迟的影响要大得多。在身体其他部位的恶性黑色素瘤中，诊断延迟通常是因为患者在疾病早期未就诊；这在甲床恶性黑色素瘤中可能同样适用。然而，一线医生或外科医生未能识别临床体征或未从正确部位进行活检以获得准确诊断的情况更为重要。
